The Colon Flashcards
what is the colon
the distal part of the GI tract that extends away from the caecum to the anal canal
what does the colon do
received digested food from the small intestine which absorbs water and electrolytes to form faeces
what are the paracolic gutters
two spaces between the ascending and descending colon and the posterolateral abdominal wall
why are the paracolic gutters clinically important
they allow material that has been released from infected abdominal organs to accumulate elsewhere in the abdomen
what are omental appendices
small pouches of peritoneum that are filled with fat
what is the function of teniae coli
contract to shorten the all of the bowel and produce sacculations known as haustra
which sections of the colon are derived from the midgut
ascending colon and proximal two thirds of transverse
which sections of the colon are derived from the hindgut
the distal third, descending and sigmoid colon
describe the vasculature of the ascending colon
arterial supply from the two branches of the superior mesenteric artery
which branches of the superior mesenteric artery supply the ascending colon
ileocolic and right colic arteries
what are the branches of the ileocolic artery
colic, anterior caecal and posterial cecal branches
what is the transverse colon derived from
the midgut and hindgut
what is the transverse colon supplied with
branches of the superior mesenteric artery and inferior mesenteric artery
which branch does the right colic artery come from
the superior mesenteric artery
which branch does the middle colic artery come from
the superior mesenteric artery
which branch does the left colic artery come from
the inferior mesenteric artery
what supplies the descending colon
a single branch of the inferior mesenteric artery and the left colic artery
what does the sigmoid colon receive its blood supply from
sigmoid arteries which are branches of the inferior mesenteric artery
what are the sigmoid arteries branches of
the inferior mesenteric artery
describe the venous drainage of the ascending colon
ileocolic and right colic veins which empty into the superior mesenteric vein
describe the venous drainage of the transverse colon
middle colic vein, which empties into the superior mesenteric vein
describe the venous draining system of the descending colon
left colic vein which drains into the inferior mesenteric vein
what drains the sigmoid artery
sigmoid veins into the inferior mesenteric vein
describe the innervation of the ascending colon
sympathetic, parasympathetic and sensory via nerves from the superior mesenteric plexus
describe the innervation of the proximal two thirds of the transverse colon
sympathetic, parasympathetic and sensory supply via nerves from the superior mesenteric plexus
describe the innervation of the distal third, descending and sigmoid colon
sympathetic, parasympathetic and sensory supply via nerves from the inferior mesenteric plexus
what is responsible for the parasympathetic innervation of the descending and sigmoid
pelvic splanchnic nerves
what is responsible for the sympathetic innervation of the descending and sigmoid colon
lumbar splanchnic nerves
