The Periodic Table And Bonding Flashcards
Master
All metals are solid at room temp EXCEPT
Mercury (liquid)
Another name for semimetals
Metalloid
Halogens properties
Fluorine and chlorine: greenish-yellow toxic gases
Bromine: brown liquid at room temp
Iodine: grayish- purple solid
They are very reactive
Family or group I (alkali metals)
- Very reactive
- shiny grayish white metals
- low melting point
- low densities
Family or group II (Alkaline Earth metals)
Less reactive than group I’s
They look same as alkali metals
Also known as ACTIVE metals due to high reactivity
Semimetals
Embody both metals and non metals
- can either loose or share electrons in a bond
Lattice energy
Energy required to separate a mole of solid ionic compound into it’s separate aions
- the higher the lattice energy the stronger the bond
Electrostatic force
The attraction btn a positive charge and a negative charge.
When do ionic bonds NOT conduct electricty
Wjen in solid form, however in melted or acqious form they conduct electricity.
What are non polar covalent bonds
Equal sharing of electrons to form a stable octet
Bonds that form when two nonmetals share electrons equally. This occurs when the bonding atoms are the same or have similar electronegativities.
Ex: Oxygen.
polar covalent bonds
Unequal sharing of electrons to form stable octet.
Formed due to the difference in electronegativity between atoms.
Ex: water
Due to high electronegativity of oxygen electrons spend more time around oxygen than they do around hydrogen
Bond energy
Amount of energy it takes to break a bond
What is a pi bond
When two p orbitals share electrons in a covalent bond and the interaction is NOT symmetrical about a line btn the two nuclei
According to the kinetic molecular theory, particles of a gas always move in what motion
In a Continuous, random, straight line motion
