The Periodic Table Flashcards
What colour does lithium produce in a flame test?
Red
What colour does sodium produce in a flame test?
Yellow / Orange
What colour does potassium produce in a flame test?
Lilac
What colour does calcium produce in a flame test?
Brick Red
What colour does strontium produce in a flame test?
Crimson
What colour does barium produce in a flame test?
Apple Green
What colour does magnesium produce in a flame test?
No Colour
Which hydroxide is insoluble in water?
Magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂)
Which hydroxide is sparingly soluble in water?
Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)
Which hydroxide is moderately soluble in water?
Strontium hydroxide (Sr(OH)₂)
Which hydroxide is soluble in water?
Barium hydroxide (Ba(OH)₂)
Are Group 2 carbonates soluble in water?
No, all Group 2 carbonates are insoluble.
Which sulfates are soluble in water?
Magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄)
Which sulfate is moderately soluble in water?
Calcium sulfate (CaSO₄)
Which sulfates are sparingly soluble or insoluble in water?
Strontium sulfate (SrSO₄) - sparingly soluble
Barium sulfate (BaSO₄) - insoluble
What type of oxides do s-block elements form?
Basic oxides (produce a salt and water)
Are s-block elements oxidising or reducing agents?
Reducing agents (they donate electrons)
What happens to the melting point of Group 1 & 2 metals down the group?
It decreases
How do s-block metals react with water?
They form hydroxides and release hydrogen gas (effervescence is observed).
What trend is seen in the reaction of Group 1 metals with water?
Reactivity increases down the group.
What happens when potassium and heavier Group 1 metals react with water?
The hydrogen produced ignites.
What type of oxides do p-block elements form?
Acidic oxides
Are p-block elements oxidising or reducing agents?
Oxidising agents (they accept electrons)
What happens to the melting point of Group 6 & 7 elements down the group?
It increases
How do Group 6 and 7 elements form anions?
By gaining electrons (Group 6 → -2, Group 7 → -1)
What is the oxidation number of an uncombined element?
Zero
What is the sum of oxidation numbers in a compound?
Zero
What is the oxidation number of Group 1 elements?
+1
What is the oxidation number of Group 2 elements?
+2
What is the oxidation number of Group 6 elements?
Usually -2
What is the oxidation number of Group 7 elements?
Usually -1
What is the oxidation number of oxygen?
-2 (except in peroxides like H₂O₂, where it is -1, or when combined with fluorine)
What is the oxidation number of hydrogen?
+1 (except in metal hydrides like NaH, where it is -1)
