Bonding Flashcards
What is a coordinate bond?
A covalent bond where one atom provides both electrons in the shared pair
Example: NH4+
How does electronegativity change across a period?
Electronegativity increases
How does electronegativity change down a group?
Electronegativity decreases
What happens to the boiling temperatures of Group 4, 5 & 6 hydrides as you go down the group?
Boiling temperatures increase
Why do boiling temperatures increase down the group for hydrides?
Molecules get larger with more electrons, increasing van der Waals forces
What is the shape of a molecule with two bonding pairs of electrons?
Linear
At what angle do the two bonding pairs of electrons arrange themselves?
180˚
What is the shape of a molecule with three bonding pairs of electrons?
Trigonal planar
At what angle do the three bonding pairs of electrons arrange themselves?
120˚
What is the shape of a molecule with four bonding pairs of electrons?
Tetrahedral
At what angle do the four bonding pairs of electrons arrange themselves?
109.5˚
What is the shape of a molecule with three bonding pairs and one lone pair?
Trigonal pyramidal
What is the bond angle for a molecule with three bonding pairs and one lone pair?
107˚
What is the shape of a molecule with two bonding pairs and two lone pairs?
Bent or V-shaped
What is the bond angle for a molecule with two bonding pairs and two lone pairs?
104.5˚
What is the shape of a molecule with five bonded pairs in the valence shell of the central atom?
Trigonal bipyramidal
How do the three atoms arrange themselves in a trigonal bipyramidal shape?
In a plane at 120˚ to each other
How are the other two atoms arranged in a trigonal bipyramidal shape?
At right angles to the plane
What is the shape of a molecule with six bonding pairs around the central atom?
Octahedral
At what angle do the six bonding pairs arrange themselves?
90˚
