Simple equilibria and acid-base reactions Flashcards
What is dynamic equilibrium?
Dynamic equilibrium is the equilibrium that exists when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction.
In what type of system is a stable state of equilibrium possible?
A stable state of equilibrium is only possible in a closed system.
What does Le Chatelier’s principle state?
When a system in dynamic equilibrium is subjected to a change, the position of equilibrium will shift to minimise the change.
What is the equation for the equilibrium constant (K)?
K = [Reactant][Reactant] / [Product][Product]
What does a large Kc indicate about the equilibrium mixture?
When Kc is large, the equilibrium mixture will contain a high proportion of product.
Define an acid.
An acid donates a proton during chemical reactions.
Define a base.
A base accepts a proton during chemical reactions; a base is called an alkali if it dissolves in water.
How does the strength of an acid relate to its dissociation?
The strength of the acid depends upon the position of equilibrium as to how much the acid dissociates.
What are the classifications of acids based on the number of protons they can release?
Acids can be deemed to be mono-, di- or tri-basic acids.
What is the process to find the ionic equation?
Write the equation out fully, then split it into its individual ions, removing the spectator ones.
What is the characteristic of strong acids regarding H+ concentration?
Strong acids give the same concentration of H+ as the solution started with.
Fill in the blank: A base is called an _______ if it dissolves in water.
alkali
