The Periodic Table

Question 1

What are the three types of elements

Answer 1

Metals metaloids non metals

Question 2

where are metals located on the periodic table

Answer 2

left side of staircase

Question 3

where are non metals located

Answer 3

right side of staircase

Question 4

where are metalloids

Answer 4

either side of the staircase ex aluminum

Question 5

horizontal rows

Answer 5

periods

Question 6

how many periods are there

Answer 6

7

Question 7

vertical columns

Answer 7

groups or families

Question 8

group A

Answer 8

representative elements

Question 9

group B

Answer 9

Transition elements

Question 10

Cations

Answer 10

Metals that lose electrons to become positive charged ions

Question 11

Anions

Answer 11

Non metals that gain electrons to become negativity charged ions

Question 12

Periodic law

Answer 12

elements arranged in order of increasing atomic
number with similar
chemical properties appear periodically

Question 13

Periodic Trends

Answer 13

chemical reactivity
Atomic Radius
Ionic Radius
Ionization Energy
electronegavativity

Question 14

Chemical Reactivity

Answer 14

similar # of valance electron = similar chemical properties

Question 15

Atomic Radius

Answer 15

length from center of nucleus to outermost electron

Question 16

What happens to the atomic radius when you go down a group

Answer 16

Atomic radius increases because there are more electron shells = more shielding electrons which block the attraction between the nucleus and the outer most electron, electrons repel spreading out

Question 17

what happens to atomic radius when you move across periods

Answer 17

when you go left to right across and period the atomic radius decreases because there are more protons without an additional electron shell = higher effective nuclear charge ( attraction) to pull in the electrons

Question 18

Ionic radius

Answer 18

Cations become smaller
Anions become larger

Question 19

Cations become smaller why? (ionic radius)

Answer 19

lost of an electron which increases effective nuclear charge ( more attraction between nucleus and electron bring the electrons closer) which makes the atom smaller

Question 20

( Ionic radius ) Anions become bigger Why?

Answer 20

Gain of electrons decreases effective nuclear charge causing the electrons to repel and spread out ( atom gets bigger)

Question 21

Ionization Energy

Answer 21

the energy required to remove the outer most electrons

Question 22

what happens to the ionization energy when the atom is smaller ( across a period )

Answer 22

it increases because the attraction to the nucleus is greater ( effective nuclear charge) needed more energy to remove the outer electrons

Question 23

what happens to the ionization energy when the atom is big ( down a period)

Answer 23

it decreases because the attraction between the electrons and the nucleus is lower due to shielding electrons

Question 24

Why are atomic mass and ionization energy trends the opposite?

Answer 24

When atomic radius decreases ionization energy increases
when atomic radius decreases ionization increases

Question 25

successive ionization energies

Answer 25

when trying to remove a core electron the ionization energy is very high because the electrons are held closer to the nucleus due to the effective nuclear charge is very high

Question 26

electronegativity

Answer 26

tendency for a bonded atom to attract electrons decreases going down groups increases moving left to right in periods

Question 27

why do smaller atoms have high electronegativity

Answer 27

smaller atoms have a greater effective nuclear charge causing the electrons to be closer to the nucleus so the smaller atom will hold the shared election closer to its self then the larger bonded atom

Question 28

when do the protons stay in the nucleus

Answer 28

the protons are attracted to the neutrons

Question 29

what is nuclear force

Answer 29

the attraction between the protons and neutrons that is holding the nucleus together

Question 30

what groups are the periodic table broken up into

Answer 30

alkali metals alkali earth metals transition metals non metals metalloids halogens noble gases lanthanoids actinoids

Question 31

what metal is not a solid

Answer 31

mercury

Question 32

what non metals are not gase

Answer 32

bromine (liquid) and iodine( solid)

Question 33

characteristics of metals

Answer 33

often grey and shinny solid conductors of heat and electricity Cations

Question 34

characteristics of non metals

Answer 34

mostly gases anions non conductors

Question 35

characteristics metalloids

Answer 35

elements along staircase both metallic and non metallic proprieties partail conductor Malleable

Question 36

what are sheliding electrons

Answer 36

electrons that block the atrraction from the outer moste elctrons to the nucleus making them repel and spread out increased protons is not enough to over come sheliding electrons