solubility Flashcards
aqueous solution
A solution with water as the solvent
solvent
substance that does the dissolving
solute
substance being dissolved
solubility
maxium amount of substance that wil dissolve at the temperature ( g/L)
Unsaturated solution
can dissovle more solvent
saturated solution
maxium amount of of soild dissolved ( all water molecules are holding something)
Supersaturated solution
a solution that is temporaily holding more then it can a seed crytsal will make it come out ( whatever that is)
Ionic solubility depends on?
electornegativity diference between ions ( if weak enough to be broken apart by water molecules)
The size of the ions, how they fit together
solavation
the postive cations and negative anions are split apart and surrounded by water molecules
why do molecular have thier own solubility in water
polar molecules dissolve beacuse of dipole dipole or hydrogen bonding intermolecular forces attraction to the poles of water molecules is greater
non polar molecules do not dissolve because they are not attracted to water and water cannot separate them.
what about molecules that have both polar and non polar componets (solubility)
they dissovle in both polar and non polar solevents
how does temperature affect solubillity of solids
increasing temprature of the solvent makes the molecules move faster and contact the solute harder and more often
how does strring affect the solubility of solids
moves around fresh solvent nect to solute resulting in contact and faster dissolving
How do smaller pieces affect the solubility of solids
increases amount of surface area for solevnt to come in contact with solute
How does temperature affect the solubilty of gas
increasing temperature decreases solubility of gases in liquid ( think nuclear plants, global warming)
