naming and writing chemical formulas Flashcards
steps to naming ionic binary compunds
is metals multivalent?
(no)- name the metal
name the non metal change ending to “ide”
(yes) name the metal include brackets to indicate charge (make sure charges cancel out)
name the non metal change ending to “ide”
writing formula of binary ionic comounds
if name ends in “ide”
are there brackets?
No- write symbols of each element
write valance of element as opposite subscript
Yes- write symbols of elements
use # in brackets as valance use as non metal subsrcipt
simplify if possible
wiritng formula for polyatomic ionic compound
are there brackets?
No- write element symbols
metal valance = polyatomic subscript vice versa
Yes- write symbols
metals valance in brackets = polyatomic subscript
what are polyatomic ions
gorups of covalenty bonded with an overall charge that behave as they are a single monoatomic ion
SO4 (-2) bonds like S (-2)
oxyanions
negativitly charged ion
contians oxygen
what saying helps us remember the oxyanions?
Nick the Camel ate CLams for Supper in Phoenix
# of vowels = charge
# of constonants = # of oxygen
The polyatomic naming system
SO5= PERsulfate add 1 oxygen
SO4= sulfATE
SO3= sulfITE 1 less oxygen
SO2= HyposulfITE 2 less oxygen
what happens if you add a hydrogen ion to polyatomic
SO4(-2) + H(+1) = HSO4(-1)
Hydrogen sulfate
What are acids
substances that give off H+ ions when dissolved in water
HCL –> H(+) + Cl(-)
how to name binary acids ( hydrogen + nonmetal)
use prefix “hydro” and “ic” ending
HCl(aq) - hydrochloric acid
HBr (aq)- Hydrobromic Acid
naming oxyacids system ( oxyanion + hydrogen)
change
H2Co4 (aq) - perate ion- percarbonic acid
H2Co3 (aq) -ate ion - carbonic acid
H2Co2 (aq) -ite ion- carbonous acid
H2Co (aq) -hpo ite ion- hypocarbonous acid
IUPAC naming acids
HI (aq)- aqueous hydrogen Iodide
H2SO4( aq)- aqueous hydrogen sulfate
Naming binary covalent molecules
do not worry about charges
name first non metal ( include prefix if more htan one)
name 2nd non metal always include a prefix even if only one
PCl3- phosphorus trichloride
formulas binary covalent molecules
names tells us suffix
Dinitrogen Tetraoxide
N2O4
never simplify
