The periodic table Flashcards
What determines how an element reacts?
Amount of electron in their outer shell
What group are the alkali metals?
1
What group are the halogens?
7
What group are the noble gases?
0
Why are noble gases very unreactive?
They do not need to gain or lose any electrons to get a full outer shell as they already have one
What type of ions do metal form?
positive
For metals, as you go down the group why does the elements become more reactive?
The amount of shells increase meaning the outer shell is the furthest away from the nucleus
- the nucleus cant hold onto the electron
strongly so the atom will lose it more easily
Metals physical properties
- metallic bonding
- malleable
- good conductor of heat and electricity
- high melting and boiling point
- shiny and sonorous
Non-metals physical properties
- dull in colour
- brittle
- low melting and boiling point
- poor conductor of electricity
- lower density than metals
Transition metals properties
- have more than one ion
- coloured
- good catalysts
Alkali metals physical properties
- soft
- low density
- low boiling point
- more reactive
Why are alkali metals so reactive?
Only have 1 electron on their outer shell which is easy to lose
- as you go down the group the increased
distance weakens the attraction force
What type of compounds are alkali metals usually involved with?
Ionic compounds with non metals
How does Alkali metal react with water and what are the products
Reacts vigorously to form metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas
How does alkali metals react with chlorine gas?
and what are the products
- Reacts vigorously
- white metal chloride salts
