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203: Reproductive system, fetal development, pregnancy and birth > The pelvic region- Anatomy > Flashcards

The pelvic region- Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Sacrum

A

Bone forming the posterior aspect of the pelvis

- Composed of 5 sacral bones fused together.

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2
Q

Deep perineal pouch

- Contents

A

Pouch above perineal membrane, towards the pelvis.

Contains

  • Urethra
  • Vagine [F]
  • Glands: bulbourethral [M]
  • Sphincters: compressor urethrae/ urethrovaginal [F]
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3
Q

Superficial perineal pouch

A

Pouch that contains muscles to anchor the external genitalia.

Contains:

  • Urethra
  • Vagina and penis roof
  • Glands: Bartholin [F]
  • Muscles: bulbospongiosus, ischiocavernosus
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4
Q

Coccyx

A

Posterior bone of the pelvis

Formed of 4 fused coccygeal bones

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5
Q

Pelvic brim

A

Border separating the true/lesser and false/greater pelvis

Composed of R+ L linea terminalis

  • Arcuate
  • Pectineal line
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6
Q

Piriformis

  • Origin
  • Course
  • Insertion
  • Action
A

Muscle of the pelvic wall.

Origin:
- Anterior surface of the sacrum.

Course

  • Projects laterally into the greater sciatic foramen
  • Over ischial spine

Insertion
- Greater trochanter of femur

Action:
- Rotation of the leg

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7
Q

Obturator internus

  • Origin
  • Course
  • Insertion
  • Action
A

Muscle of pelvis wall

Origin:
- Internal obturator membrane

Course:

  • Enters lesser sciatic foramen
  • Under ischial spine

Insertion
- Greater trochanter of the femur

Action
- Rotation of the femur.

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8
Q

Pubococcygeus

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
A

Muscle of pelvic floor

Origin
- Posterior of pubic bone

Insertion
- Lateral fibres of coccyx

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9
Q

Puborectalis

  • Origin
  • Course
  • Insertion
  • Action
A

Muscle of pubic floor.

Origin
- Posterior pubic bone, slings around rectalis

Insertion
- Behind the rectum

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10
Q

Coccygeal muscle

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
A

Muscle of pubic floor

Origin
- Ischial spine

Insertion
- Inferior end of the sacrum/ coccyx

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11
Q

Blood supply to pelvis

A

Mainly supplied by:
Anterior division of internal iliac
- Gives branchesL uterine, vesicle/ internal pudendal

Gonads supplied by branch of abdominal aorta
- Abdominal aorta—> Gonadal

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12
Q

Blood drainage of pelvis

A

Internal iliac veins
- Into common iliac

Gonadal veins drain into the IVC [from right gonadal] or L. renal veins.

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13
Q

Iliococcygeus

  • Origin
  • Insertion
  • Action
A

Muscle of pelvic floor.

Origin
- Tendinous arch

Insertion
- Annococcygeal body

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14
Q

Somatic innervation of the pelvic region

A

Somatic plexus [L4-Co]

  • Lumbosacral [L4-S4]
  • Coccygeal [S4-Co]

Function: Motor [to muscle] and sensory

  • Sciatic
  • Inferior and superior gluteal
  • Pudendal
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15
Q

Visceral innervation of pelvic region

A

Visceral plexi

Parasympathetic

  • Pelvic splanchnic nerves [S2-4]
  • Action: erection

Sympathetic

  • Sacral sympathetic trunk [paravertebral]
  • Superior and inferior hypogastric plexi [prevertebral]
  • Action: ejaculation
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16
Q

Gluteal region

A

Contains:

  • Sciatic nerve
  • Pudendal nerve: innervates perineum
  • Gluteal vessels [ superior above piriformis, inferior below]
17
Q

Pudendal block

A

Procedure of injecting the pudendal nerve to numb it.

- Ischial spine is palpated then injected.

18
Q

Boarder of the true pelvic cavity

A

Anterior
- Pubic symphysis

Posterior
- Sacrum / Coccyx

Inferior
- Pelvic floor

Lateral
- Obturator internus

Superior
- Pelvic brim

19
Q

Sciatic nerve

A

Somatic nerve from the lumbosacral pelvis.
- Enters Greater sciatic foramen

Nerve root
- L4-S3

Innervates

  • Posterior compartment of the thigh [from gluteal region]
  • Leg
  • Foot
20
Q

Superior gluteal nerve

A

Somatic nerve of the lumbosacral trunk

  • Enters greater sciatic foramen
  • Passes above the piriformis muscle.

Nerve root
- L4-S1

Innervates

  • Piriformis
  • Branches in sacral plexus to gluteal muscles.
21
Q

Inferior gluteal nerve

A

Somatic nerve of the lumbosacral trunk

  • Enters greater sciatic foramen
  • Inferior to the piriformis muscle

Nerve root
- L5-S2

Innervates
- Gluteus maximus

22
Q

Pudendal nerve

A

Somatic nerve of the lumbosacral trunk

  • Enters greater sciatic foramen inferior to the piriformis muscle
  • Passes over the sacrospinous ligament and immediately through the lesser sciatic foramen

Nerve root
- S2-S4

Innervates

  • Peritenum region
  • Including: external urethral sphincter, external genitalia.

203: Reproductive system, fetal development, pregnancy and birth (23 decks)

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