The particle model and motion in gases

Question 1

In particle theory, how do you think of the particles?

Answer 1

Think of the particles that make up the matter as tiny balls. Explain The way in which these matters behaves in terms of how these tiny balls move and the forces Between them.

solid,liquid and gas. The particles are the same only arrangement and energy of particles are different

Question 2

Solid

Answer 2

Strong forces of attraction. Holding particles in regular fixed arrangement. The particles don’t have much energy so they only vibrate about in their fixed position.

Question 3

Liquid

Answer 3

Weaker forces of attaction holding particles close together but can move past eachother and form irregular arrangements. They have more energy than the particles in a solid so move at random directions at low speeds.

Question 4

Gases

Answer 4

No forces of attaction Between particles. Particles have more energy than in liquids or solids so free to move and they’re constantly moving with random directions and speeds.

Question 5

Particles in gas

Answer 5

• free to move around
• as they move they collide into each othet and whatever else in the way
• pressure is the force exerted per unit area
• in a sealed containet, the outward gas pressure is the total force exerted by all the particles in the gas on a unit area of the container walls.

Question 6

What occurs if you increase temperature of a gas?

Answer 6

You transfer energy into kinetic energy stores of its particles.

Temperature of gas is related to average energy in kinetic energy stores of the particles in the gas. The higher the temp, the higher the average energy

Question 7

As you increase temp of a gas

Answer 7

The average speed of its particles increases. This is because the energy in the particles kinetic energy store is 1/2mv^2

Question 8

Increasing temp of Gas at constant volume

Answer 8

Increases its pressure

particles travel quicker, hit sides of container more often in given amount of time.

Each particle also has a larger momentum which means that they exert a larger force when they collide with the container.

These factors both increase the total force exerted on a unit area, and so increase the pressure