The Ozone Story(OZ) Flashcards
What are the main sources of carbon dioxide?
- Combustion of hydocarbon fuels e.g. power stations
- Deforestation
Four Points
What are the main sources of methane?
- Cattle farming
- Landfill sites
- Rice paddy fields
- Natural gas leakage
What are the main sources of nitrous oxide? (Two points)
- Ferilised soils
- Changes in land use e.g. from soil when the land is ploughed up
What is the main source of carbon monoxide?
Incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons e.g. from car exhausts
What is the main source of nitorgen oxides?
Internal combustion e.g. from the reaction of N2 and O2 at high temperatures
How do you calculate concentration in ppm from a percentage?
Multiply by 10,000
What are the main gases in unpolluted air?
Nitrogen,oxygen and argon
What is the equation that links wavelength, speed of light and frequency?
speed of light=wavelength x frequency
What is the speed of light?
3.00 x 10-8
What is the equation that links energy of a photon, frequency and planck constant?
energy of a photon=planck constant x fequency
What is planck constant?
6.63 x 10-34
What happens to molecules when energy interacts?
- Translation
- Rotation
- Vibration
- Electronic
Three points
Why is ultraviolet (UV) radiation dangerous?
- Breaks chemical bonds, including the bonds found in DNA
- Damage proteins
- Irriate blood vessels
How do sun creams protect against UV radiation?
Sun creams absorb UV radiation before it reaches the skin
What is ozone a pollutant?
Photochemical smog
What is homolytic fission?
One of two shared electrons goes two each atom, producing radicals
What is heterolytic fission?
Both of the shared electrons go to just one of the atoms when the bond breaks
What are the three stages of a radical chain reaction?
Initiation, propogation and termination
What are the three types of imbs?
- ID-ID
- PD-PD
- Hydrogen bonding
What is a nucleophile?
A species which donates an electron pair in a reaction. They have a high electron density
Give two example of nucleophiles
:OH and :NH3
What is an electrophile?
A species which accepts an electron pair in a reaction. They have area of low electron density
Give two examples of electrophiles
H+ and NO2+
