The origin and growth of the oceans

Question 1

What major advancement did the HMS Challenger expedition (1872–1876) contribute?

Answer 1

Collected bathymetric data, rock samples, and ocean biology

Question 2

What modern tool is primarily used to map the ocean floor?

Answer 2

Sonar (sound reflection) systems

Question 3

What does multibeam sonar do?

Answer 3

Uses multiple sound beams to create detailed profiles

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a major province of the ocean floor?

Answer 4

Abyssal fault zone

Question 5

What defines a continental shelf?

Answer 5

Gently sloping submerged extension of the continent

Question 6

What feature forms at active continental margins?

Answer 6

Deep-ocean trenches

Question 7

What are guyots?

Answer 7

Flat-topped seamounts that have sunk

Question 8

What structure marks the boundary between continental and oceanic crust?

Answer 8

Continental slope

Question 9

What are abyssal plains known for?

Answer 9

Flat regions with thick sediment accumulation

Question 10

Which layer in the oceanic crust is made of pillow lavas?

Answer 10

Layer 2