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Earth Science Praxis Exam: Ocean Unit > The Oceans - Chapter 1: Composition of Seawater > Flashcards

The Oceans - Chapter 1: Composition of Seawater Flashcards

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1
Q

Saltwater is a complex ___ of salts

A

solution

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2
Q

What percentage by weight is seawater composed of dissolved mineral substances?

A

3.5

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3
Q

How much salt would cover the ocean floor if all the water were evaporated?

A

200 feet

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4
Q

The proportion of dissolved salts to pure water

A

salinity

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5
Q

True or false: salinity is expressed in parts per thousand

A

True

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6
Q

The average salinity of the ocean

A

35%

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7
Q

What are variations in salinity a consequence of?

A

Changes in the water content in the solution

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8
Q

High salinities are found where ___ is high

A

evaporation

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9
Q

What 5 salts comprise 99 percent of the salt in the sea?

A 
Sodium chloride (NaCl)
Magnesium chloride (MgCl2)
Sodium Sulfate (Na2SO4)
Calcium Chloride (CaCl2)
Potassium Chloride (KCl)
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10
Q

Heavy ____ in areas can lead to lower salinities

A

precipitation (it dilutes)

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11
Q

Name two areas where salinity may exceed 42%

A

Persian Gulf

Red Sea

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12
Q

What is a sea that only includes 2 to 7 percent salinity?

A

Baltic

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13
Q

One source of the vast quantities of salt in the ocean is the _____ of rocks on the continents

A

weathering

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14
Q

Another major source of elements in ocean water is the earth’s ____

A

interior

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15
Q

The process wherein through volcanic eruptions, large quantities of water and dissolved gases have been emitted

A

degassing

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16
Q

These elements (4) are more abundant in the ocean than in the earth’s crust and result from degassing

A

chlorine
bromine
sulfur
boron

17
Q

What is the present ocean existence primarily attributed to?

A

Volcanic activity

18
Q

True or false: due to building hard parts, evaporation, and adding the salinity of seawater changes drastically all the time

A

False; it stays relatively the same

Earth Science Praxis Exam: Ocean Unit (23 decks)

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