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Geography > The Northern Mountains > Flashcards

The Northern Mountains Flashcards

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1
Q

Location of Karakoram

A

Extreme north
East of hunza river
Along the border with china

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2
Q

Trend of Karakoram

A

East to west

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3
Q

High passes of Karakoram

A

Khunjerab and Karakoram

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4
Q

Valleys of Karakoram

A

Gilgit
Hunza
Baltistan

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5
Q

Average height of Karakoram

A

6000m

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6
Q

Drainage of Karakoram

A

Glaciers:
Baltaro
Biafo
Siachen

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7
Q

Location of Hindu Kush

A

North western Pakistan
West of hunza river extending in the south Upto river kabul
Bordering and extending into Afghanistan

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8
Q

Trend of Hindu Kush

A

North west to south east

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9
Q

High passes of Hindu Kush

A

Lawaraii
Boroghil
Shandur

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10
Q

Highest peak of Hindu Kush

A

Tirich Mir

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11
Q

Valleys of Hindu Kush

A

Swat
Gilgit
Chitral

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12
Q

Average height of Hindu Kush

A

5000m

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13
Q

Drainage of Hindu Kush

A 
Rivers:
Panjkora 
Hunza 
Mastuj 
Swat

Glaciers:
Tirich Mir

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14
Q

Location of Himalayas

A

South of Karakoram

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15
Q

Trend of Himalayas

A

East to west

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16
Q

High passes on Himalayas

A

Babusar

17
Q

Valleys in Himalayas

A

Murree, nathiagali, kaghan, abbotabad, mansehra

18
Q

Highest peak of Himalayas

A

Nanga parbat

19
Q

Average height of Himalayas

A

Central Himalayas: 4000
Pir pangal: 1800
Siwaliks: 600

20
Q

Drainage of Himalayas

A

5 rivers

North and south face of rupal glacier

21
Q

Topography

A 
Parallel Ranges run mainly west to east 
Height increases south to north 
High altitude 
High passes 
Snow capped peaks
steep slopes 
Snow fields 
Glaciers 
Rugged terrain 
Some vegetation 
Valleys (have more vegetation) 
Very cold harsh weather
22
Q

Economy and life

A

Difficult life (cut off form world) no electricity, running water or technology
Few jobs, mainly farmers, also tourism (porters)
Lack of education and illiteracy esp in girls
Harsh snowy climate
Lack of infrastructure

23
Q

Why is there a lack of infrastructure in the northern mountains

A

Rugged landscape, rocky, steep
Long cold winters, rain, natural disasters
No transport/communication facilities
No channelisation of oil/gas

24
Q

Northern mountains is dependant on farming but it is mainly subsistent, why?

A

Lack of fertile land, rugged, climate, long winters, cost of maintaining land is a lot, soil condition, no modern knowledge about farming, no machines only manual

25
Q

Terrace farming

A

Cutting steps into mountain slopes/sides to grow crops
Helps in reduction of water flow, soil erosion and increase water holding capacity
Good because lack of farming land
Eg. Rice is cultivated on terraced fields of swat, chitral, dir in Hindu Kush

26
Q

Orchard farming

A

The northern Mountains have good pH for fruit gardens

27
Q

Market gardening

A

Small scale farming
Near house
Small patches
Sold directly to consumers

28
Q

Pastoral/livestock farming

A

Animals raised to attain meat and other products

Farmers move frequently in search of good pastures for grazing

29
Q

Transhumance

A

Action of moving with belongings and livestock to warm valley floors in winter
Seasonal migration because of long cold winters
Hard to farm and graze
Go back to highlands in summer when snow melts to make terrace farms

30
Q

Economic activities

A

Tourism (scenic beauty and tall peaks provide jobs like porters, resorts.
Small scale industries like carpets, embroidered material, rugs, handicraft, often bought by tourists
Large scale industries like processing food grains, vegetable oil, refining sugar, fruit processing and drying
Mineral resources not explored because of lack of infrastructure, money, skilled labour
HEP potential (rivers, glaciers) not developed because need money
Trade is less because less transport
Agriculture mostly small scale
Forestry (wood lands/extensive forests and grasslands) furniture etc

Geography (7 decks)

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