the new system pack 10

Question 1

molecular phylogeny

Answer 1

using information about molecular structures to analyse evolutionary relationships and group organisms together based on shared / similar features

Question 2

phylogenetic tree

Answer 2

a diagram that shows the evolutionary relationship between organisms based on molecular differences. they show where species shared and branched off from common ancestors

Question 3

three domain system of classification

Answer 3

eukaryota, bacteria, archae

Question 4

how did Carl Woese come up with the three domains

Answer 4

Woese sequenced the RNA of bacteria to construct a phylogenetic tree based on molecular phylogeny

Question 5

Woese found that there were differences between bacteria and the methanogens :

Answer 5

• different RNA sequences
• methanogens had no peptidoglycan in their cell walls
• methanogens had different membrane lipids

Question 6

Woese proposed that the methanogens should be placed in a separate group called

Answer 6

the archae

Question 7

scientists communicate their research to the scientific community by

Answer 7

publishing their findings in scientific journals and through scientific conferences

Question 8

what is peer review

Answer 8

other scientists critically evaluate the experimental methods and data before publication, by repeating the experiments to check reliability and validity

Question 9

classification is dynamic. they are constantly being

Answer 9

revised as new data becomes available

Question 10

how has dna analysis changed the classification of birds

Answer 10

places birds in the same taxon as turtles, lizards, snakes and crocodiles

Question 11

species may look similar but are not related because

Answer 11

they are adapted to similar conditions

Question 12

why is classification important

Answer 12

when used in partner ships with genetic analysis it enables us to look at evolutionary relationships