the hardy- weinberg equation pack 9

Question 1

allele frequencies equation

Answer 1

p + q = 1

Question 2

p =

Answer 2

frequency of the dominant allele

Question 3

q =

Answer 3

frequency of the recessive allele

Question 4

hardy - weinberg equation

Answer 4

p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1

Question 5

the hardy- weinberg principle states that allele frequencies don’t change from one generation to the next assuming:

Answer 5

• the population size is large enough for genetic drift not to occur
• mating is random
• there’s no gene flow -> the population is isolated
• no mutations / mutations are rare
• no natural selection

if any of these conditions aren’t met a change in allele frequencies can occur

Question 6

the hardy - weinberg equation can be used to see whether there

Answer 6

has been a change in allele frequencies over time. this can be done by comparing the allele frequencies at two points in time. if they have changed, this indicates that evolution has occurred

Question 7

how to use the hardy - weinberg equation

Answer 7

1) calculate the frequency of homozygous recessive individuals in the population, q^2 - divide the number of individuals with that genotype by the total number of individuals in the population
2) calculate the frequency of the recessive allele, q - square root of q^2
3) calculate the frequency of the dominant allele, p- 1-q
4) calculate the frequency of homozygous dominant individuals, p^2- p x p
5) calculate the frequency of heterozygous individuals, 2pq- 2 x p x q

Question 8

q^2 =

Answer 8

homozygous recessive

Question 9

how to calculate q^2

Answer 9

total number of homozygous recessive / total number of organisms

Question 10

heterozygous allele =

Answer 10

2pq