The Neuron Flashcards
What is a neuron?
a mass of nerve cells that transmit information, functional unit of the nervous system
What is the cell body?
contains the nucleus and other cell organelles
What are dendrites?
shorts, more numerous, receive information, extend off the cell body
What are axons?
single long fibers, conducts information away, carry motor information
What is chromotophilic substance?
rough ER, transport system
What is myelin?
insulation off surrounding axons, allows quick and efficient transmition
What is the Node of Ranvier?
gaps between insulation/myelin
What are neuroglial cells?
support cells
What are microglial cells?
immune function, digest debris, kill bacteria
What are oligodendrocytes?
make myelin sheath that provides insulation for axons
What are astrocytes?
connect blood vessels (capillaries) to neurons
What system are oligodendrocytes found in?
central nervous system
What are ependymal cells?
form membranes around tissues
What are schwann cells?
form myelin sheath
What system are schwann cells found in?
peripheral nervous system
