The Neuromuscular System Flashcards
What does the autonomic nervous system do
Regulates the function of our internal organs eg heart
Controls some of our skeletal muscles within the body
Works involuntary
What does the Neuromuscular system do
-Nervous system and the muscles work together to allow movement
-Changes in the neuromuscular system take place before, during and after excersize.
- changes either Perez are body for excersize and allow for changing demands of differing intensities
- SNS and PNS are part of the peripheral nervous system
What are the 3 main types of muscles fibres
- slow oxidative ( TYPE 1) slow twitch
- Fast oxidative glycolytic (TYPE IIA)
- fast glycolytic (TYPE IIB)
What are the characeristics of slow twitch type 1 fibres
-slower contraction speed
-better adapted to lower inentsity excersize
-produce most of their energy aerobically
What are the characteristics of fast twitch fibres type II
- faster contraction speed, generate a greater force of contraction
- fatigue quickly
- used for short, intense bursts of effort
- produce their energy anerobically
Slow twitch fibre examples
- marathon
- cycling, Tour de France
- 10k swim
Slow twitch fibre examples
- marathon
- cycling, Tour de France
- 10k swim
Type IIA sporting examples
800m run
400m run
200m swim
Anything that lasts 2-3mins
Is the contraction speed per second for type I, type IIa and type IIb fast or slow
Type I - slow (110)
Type IIb- fast (50)
Type IIB- fast (50)
What is the motor neurone size for the 3 muscle fibres
Type I- small
Type IIa- large
Type IIb- large
Is the motor neurone conduction capacity slow or fast for the muscle fibres
Type I- slow
Type IIa- fast
Type IIb- fast
Is the force procued high or low for the muscle fibres (each one)
Type I- low
Type IIa- high
Type IIb- high
Is the fatigability high, medium or low for each muscle fibre
Type I- low
Type IIa- medium
Type IIb- high
Is the mitochondrial density high medium or low for each muscle fibre
Type I- high
Type IIa- medium
Type IIb- low
Is the myoglobin content high medium or low for each muscle fibre
Type I- high
Type IIa- medium
Type IIb- low
Is the myoglobin content high medium or low for each muscle fibre
Type I- high
Type IIa- medium
Type IIb- low
Is the capillary density high or low for each muscle fibre
Type I- high
Type IIa- medium
Type IIb- low
Is the aerobic capacity high or low for each muscle fibre
Type I- very high
Type IIa- medium
Type IIb- low
Is the anaerobic capacity high or low for each muscle fibre
Type I- low
Type IIa- high
Type IIb- very high
Is the myosin ATPase/ glycolytic enzyme activity high or low for each muscle fibre
Type I- low
Type IIa- high
Type IIb- very high
Name the functional characteristics of fast and slow twitch muscle fibres
- contractional speed
- force produced
- fatigability
-myosin ATPase/ glycolytic enzyme activity
Name the sctructional characteristics of fast and slow muscle twitch fibres
-muscle neurone size
- motor neurone conduction copacity
-mitochondrial Density
- myoglobin content
-capillary density
- aerobic, anerobic copacity
What do the muscle spindles do
Tells brain how far a muscle has stretched and how fast
What is the muscles spindles main job
To prevent overstretching by producing a stretch reflex (tells the brain the stretch has gone far enough)
What type of structure are muscle spindles in
A coil of nervous tissue around the muscle
What is the peripheral nervous system responsible for
Communicating the actions that the brain has chosen or indicated which leads to tissues doing their role
Where are Golgi tendon organs located
Between the muscle fibre and tendons
What do the Golgi tendon organs do
Detect a level of tension in the tendon and can override the stretch reflex produced by muscle spindles using autogenic inhabition
What is autogenic inhabition
The overriding of the stretch reflex which causes the antagonist to relax
What does PNF stand for
Propiorececptive neuromuscular facilitiation
What is PNF
A form of stretching
What is the result of a passive stretch and then an isometric contraction stretch
They can stretch further at the end because the stretch reflex is being inhabitied by the Golgi tendon organs
