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The Bits and Bytes of Computer Networking > The Network Layer > Flashcards

The Network Layer Flashcards

1
Q

A system which defines how the global IP address space is split up

A

ADDRESS CLASS SYSTEM

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2
Q

A protocol used to discover the hardware address of node with a certain IP address

A

ADDRESS RESOLUTION PROTOCOL (ARP)

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3
Q

A list of IP addresses and the MAC addresses associated with them

A

ARP TABLE

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4
Q

A number assigned to an individual autonomous system

A

ASN (AUTONOMOUS SYSTEM NUMBER)

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5
Q

To set the boundaries of something

A

DEMARCATE

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6
Q

Where one network or system ends and another begins

A

DEMARCATION POINT

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7
Q

The column in a routing table that contains a row for each network that the router knows about

A

DESTINATION NETWORK

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8
Q

A technology that assigns an IP address automatically to a new device. It is an application layer protocol that automates the configuration process of hosts on a network

A

DHCP

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9
Q

A format of using dots to separate numbers in a string, such as in an IP address

A

DOTTED DECIMAL NOTATION

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10
Q

An IP address assigned automatically to a new device through a technology known as Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

A

DYNAMIC IP ADDRESS

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11
Q

Protocols that are used for the exchange of information between independent autonomous systems

A

EXTERIOR GATEWAY

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12
Q

It is used to indicate if a datagram is allowed to be fragmented, or to indicate that the datagram has already been fragmented

A

FLAG FIELD

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13
Q

The process of taking a single IP datagram and splitting it up into several smaller datagrams

A

FRAGMENTATION

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14
Q

It contains values used by the receiving end to take all the parts of a fragmented packet and put them back together in the correct order

A

FRAGMENTATION OFFSET FIELD

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15
Q

A checksum of the contents of the entire IP datagram header

A

HEADER CHECKSUM FIELD

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16
Q

A four bit field that declares how long the entire header is. It is almost always 20 bytes in length when dealing with IPv4

A

HEADER LENGTH FIELD

17
Q

A non-profit organization that helps manage things like IP address allocation

A

IANA (INTERNET ASSIGNED NUMBERS AUTHORITY)

18
Q

A 16-bit number that’s used to group messages together

A

IDENTIFICATION FIELD

19
Q

For a router, the port where a router connects to a network. A router gives and receives data through its interfaces. These are also used as part of the routing table

A

INTERFACE

20
Q

Protocols here are used by routers to share information within a single autonomous system

A

INTERIOR GATEWAY

21
Q

A highly structured series of fields that are strictly defined

A

IP DATAGRAM

22
Q

An optional field and is used to set special characteristics for datagrams primarily used for testing purposes

A

IP OPTIONS FIELD

23
Q

A mitigation tool that lets organizations use one public IP address and many private IP addresses within the network

A

NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION (NAT)

24
Q

The IP address of the next router that should receive data intended for the destination networking in question, or this could just state the network is directly connected and that there aren’t any additional hops needed. Defined as part of the routing table

A

NEXT HOP

25
Q

They are ranges of IPs set aside for use by anyone that cannot be routed to

A

NON-ROUTABLE ADDRESS SPACE

26
Q

A series of zeros used to ensure the header is the correct total size

A

PADDING FIELD

27
Q

A protocol field is an 8-bit field that contains data about what transport layer protocol is being used

A

PROTOCOL FIELD

28
Q

Special protocols the routers use to speak to each other in order to share what information they might have

A

ROUTING PROTOCOLS

29
Q

An 8-bit field that can be used to specifiy details about quality of service or QoS technologies

A

SERVICE TYPE FIELD

30
Q

An IP address that must be manually configured on a node

A

STATIC IP ADDRESS

31
Q

32-bit numbers that are normally written as four octets of decimal numbers, used to create subnetworks

A

SUBNET MASK

32
Q

The process of taking a large network and splitting it up into many individual smaller subnetworks, or subnets

A

SUBNETTING

33
Q

An 8-bit field that indicates how many router hops in a datagram can traverse before it’s thrown away

A

TIME-TO-LIVE FIELD (TTL)

34
Q

The total number of devices data passes through to get from it’s source to its destination. Routers try to choose the shortest path, so fewest hops possible. The routing table is used to keep track of this.

A

TOTAL HOPS

35
Q

A 16-bit field that indicates the total length of the IP datagram it’s attached to

A

TOTAL LENGTH FIELD

The Bits and Bytes of Computer Networking (6 decks)

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