The nervous system Flashcards
what are the three principal functions of the nervous system
sensory input, integration and motor output
what is sensory input
when the nerve detects a change in environment and send it to the brain
what is integration
Integration is the body processes what to do.
what is motor output
The response that occurs when your nervous system activates parts of your body
what are the two parts of the nervous system
The central and peripheral
what makes up the central nervous system
The spinal cord and brain
what makes up the peripheral nervous system
all the nervous that branch off from the brain and spinal cord
what are the two parts of the peripheral nervous system
Sensory and motor
what does the sensory division do
The sensory division detects a change in the environment and sends it to the brain
what does the motor division do
The motor division send signals from your brain to your muscles and glands
what are the two parts of the motor division
The somatic and autonomic
what does the somatic nervous system do
this is the part that send your voluntary signals to your muscle
what does the autonomic nervous system do
This is the part that send your involuntary signals to your lauges heart and stomach.
what are the two parts of the autonomic nervous system
sympathetic and parasympathetic
what does the sympathetic nervous system do
It releases adrenaline and makes you do stuff
what does the parasympathetic nervous system do
It calms you down and controls homeostasis.
what are the different glial cells in your central nervous system
astrocytes, microglial cells, ependymal cells and oligodendrocytes
what does astrocytes do.
they connect the neurons to the blood supply and govern the exchange of materials between neurons and capillaries
what does microglial cells do.
they protect it from intruders
what does ependymal cells do
they line cavities in your brain and spine and release spinal fluid to cushion the two organs.
what does oligodendrocytes
they rap around neurons to create an insulating sheet that speeds up the efficiency and speed of the signal.
what are the different types of glial cells in your peripheral nervous system
satellite cells and schwann cells
what does satellite cells do
they connect the neurons to the blood supply and control the amount of resources they get
what does schwann cells
They rap around one specific part of the neurons to create an insulating sheet that speeds up the efficiency and speed of the signal.
what are the different parts of a neuron
you have the cell body which is big round thing, then there are the dendrites which are the spiky thing that protrude from the cell body and your have the axon that is the long extension from the cell body.
what is a multipolar neuron and where do you find them
a multipolar neuron with three processes for example one axon and lots of dendrite. these often interneurons or motor neurons.
what is a bipolar neuron and where do you find them
has two processes for example a dendrite and an axon. these are very rare and are only found in the olfactory epithelium, the retina of the eye, and ganglia of the vestibulocochlear nerve
what is a unipolar neuron and where do you find them
a unipolar has one process. they are often found in sensory.
where does the nerve send and receive information
the information is received at the dendrites and sent at the axon
How do nerves communicate
There is a gap between the two neurons called the synapse where a chemical signal (neurotransmitters) is transmitted from sacks on the presynaptic neuron to reseptercits on the postsynaptic neuron.
what are the two different types of signals that a axon can send.
Depending on the type of neurotransmitter it will either have an excitatory effect (continuing the signal) or an inhibitory effect (stopping the signal)
what does S-A-M-E mean
Sensory = afferent
Motor=Efferent
what is the fight-flight response
The fight or flight response is referring to the response the the sympathetic nervous system has to an threat, you can confront or you can run.
How do you think you went on these three topics.
Good I think I have all the flash cards I need and I put in enough effort.
