Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A&P 146 > The Nervous System > Flashcards

The Nervous System Flashcards

0
Q

What are the two structural divisions of the nervous system?

A

CNS

PNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Coordinating agency for all systems

A

The nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Consists of the brain and spinal cord

A

CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Consists of all the cranial and spinal nerves

A

PNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Nonconducting cells that produce and support

A

Neuralgia or glial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Neuroglial cells that produces myelin in the PNS

A

Schwann cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Most abundant neuroglial cell in the CNS

A

Astrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The neuroglial cell that produces myelin in the CNS

A

Oligodendrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Fatty material covering some axons that insulates and protects the fiber

A

Myelin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Functional conducting cells of the nervous system

A

Neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Neuron fibers that conduct impulses to the cell body; receptors

A

Dendrites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Conducts impulses away from the cell body

A

Axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Has myelin axons

A

White matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Has non-myelinated structures

Ex.

A

Gray matter

Ex. Cell bodies, dendrites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Spaces or gaps between Myelin sheaths

A

Nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Outermost thin coating of Schwann cells

A

Neurilemma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Point of junction for transmission of the nerve impulse

A

Synapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Chemical released that enables a nerve impulse to cross a synapse

A

Neurotransmitter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Gap between neural cells; Where the neurotransmitter is secreted

A

Synaptic cleft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Site that responds to a neurotransmitter

A

Receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Type of neuron found in the central nervous system; Have several dendrites in one axon

A

Multipolar neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Found in PNS; Have one axon and one dendrite

A

Bipolar neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Found in PNS; have 1 projection

A

Unipolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Conduct impulses to CNS

A

Sensory/afferent neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Carry impulses from CNS out to muscles and glands

A

Motor/efferent neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Relay information within CNS

A

Interneurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Muscle or gland that responds to a stimulus

A

Effector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

During a nerve impulse, depolarization and repolarization are brought about by a rapid shift in which two ions across the cell membrane?

A

Sodium and Potassium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Complete pathway from stimulus to response

A

Reflex arc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Detects a stimulus, such as dendrite

A

Receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Transmits impulse towards CNS

A

Sensory/afferent neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Where impulses are coordinated and a response is organized

A

CNS (integration center)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Carries impulse away from CNS

A

Motor/efferent neuron

33
Q

Muscle or gland outside the CNS that carries out a response

A

Effector

34
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

A

31

35
Q

Network of vessels or nerves

A

Plexuses

36
Q

Control over

A

Somatic

37
Q

No control over

A

Anatomic

38
Q

What is the functional division of the CNS?

A

Somatic nervous system

39
Q

What is the functional division of the PNS?

A

Autonomic nervous system

40
Q

Which two branches does the autonomic nervous system break off into?

A

Sympathetic

Parasympathetic

41
Q

Voluntary; Controls skeletal muscle

A

Somatic nervous system

42
Q

Involuntary; controls smooth muscle and cardiac muscle; Controls viscera organs

A

Autonomic nervous system

43
Q

Stimulates a stress response “adrengic”

A

Sympathetic

44
Q

Reverses the stimulus of a stress response “Cholinergic”

A

Parasympathetic

45
Q

Layers of connective tissue that cover the brain and spinal cord

A

Meninges

46
Q

Thickest to outermost membrane (tough mother)

A

Dura mater

47
Q

The middle layer (spider appearance)

A

Arachnoid

48
Q

Most inner layer

A

Pia mater

49
Q

Formed in spaces within the brain called ventricles

A

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

50
Q

Fluid that circulates in and around the brain and spinal cord

A

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

51
Q

Largest part of the brain; Divided by longitudinal fissure

A

Cerebrum

52
Q

Helps information get to left and right side; white matter

A

Corpus callosum

53
Q

Outside edges of cerebrum

A

Cerebral cortex

54
Q

Motor area (Broca’s area) ; movement and speech

A

Frontal lobe

55
Q

Sensory area; touch, pain, and temperature

A

Parietal lobe

56
Q

Auditory area; olfactory area

A

Temporal lobe

57
Q

Visual area

A

Occipital

58
Q

Cortex folds form elevated portions known as _______.

A

Gyri (Gyrus)

59
Q

Shallow grooves in the cortex

A

Sulci (sulcus)

60
Q

Between frontal and parietal lobes

A

Central sulcus

61
Q

Separates Temporel lobe from frontal and parietal lobes

A

Lateral sulcus

62
Q

A very deep groove

A

Fissure

63
Q

Separates the right and left hemispheres

A

Longitudinal fissure

64
Q

Separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum

A

Transverse fissure

65
Q

Extension of Dura mater between cerebral hemispheres

A

Falx cerebri

66
Q

What two parts make up the diencephalon?

A

Thalamus

Hypothalamus

67
Q

Direct sensory impulses to cortex

A

Thalamus

68
Q

Maintains homeostasis, controls the Pituitary gland, controls body temperature, water balance, sleep, appetite, and some emotions such as fear and pleasure

A

Hypothalamus

69
Q

Contains parts of the cerebrum and diencephalon; controls emotion and behavior

A

Limbic system

70
Q

What three parts make up the brainstem?

A

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata

71
Q

Involved and eye and ear reflexes; top portion of brain stem

A

Midbrain

72
Q

In middle of brainstem; involved in respiration rates

A

Pons

73
Q

Has three vital centers

A

Medulla oblongata

74
Q

What are the three vital centers of the medulla oblongata?

A

Cardiac
Vasomotor
Respiratory

75
Q

Part of the medulla oblongata that controls heart rate

A

Cardiac center

76
Q

Part of the medulla oblongata that controls the dilation and restriction of blood vessels

A

Vasomotor center

77
Q

Part of the medulla oblongata that controls respiratory rates

A

Respiratory

78
Q

“Little brain”; coordination, balance, muscle tone, and posture

A

Cerebellum

79
Q

What are the four different types of machines used for brain studies?

A

CT
MRI
PET
EEG

80
Q

Connects the third and fourth ventricles

A

Cerebral aqueduct

81
Q

Motor neurons that convey information from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and glands

A

Efferent

A&P 146 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions