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Medical Assisting > The Nervous System > Flashcards

The Nervous System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

angiography

A

a radiologic study of an artery using a radiopaque medium

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2
Q

arachnoid

A

a delicate, lacelike membrane covering the central nervous system

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3
Q

arteriography

A

a radiologic study of an artery using a radiopaque medium

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4
Q

auditory

A

(1) pertaining to the sense of hearing; (2) the external canal of the ear

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5
Q

autonomic

A

spontaneous; the part of the nervous system concerned with reflex control of bodily functions

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6
Q

axons

A

an extension from a nerve cell

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7
Q

central

A

situated at or related to a center

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8
Q

cerebellum

A

lower or back brain below the posterior portion of the cerebrum

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9
Q

cerebrospinal fluid

A

the liquid that circulates within the meninges of the spinal cord and ventricles and meninges of the brain

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10
Q

cerebrum

A

the largest part of the brain. It is divided into two hemispheres with four lobes in each hemisphere

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11
Q

coma scale

A

refers to the Glasgow Coma Scale used to determine level of consciousness

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12
Q

computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scan)

A

rapid scanning of single-tissue planes is performed by a process that generates images of the tissue in slices about 1 cm thick

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13
Q

cranium

A

the skull; the eight bones of the head enclosing the brain; generally applied to the 28 bones of the head and face

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14
Q

dendrites

A

an extension from a nerve cell

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15
Q

dura mater

A

the outer membrane covering the brain and spinal cord

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16
Q

electroencephalography (EEG)

A

recording of the electric currents generated by the brain; a tracing of brain waves

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17
Q

electromyography (EMG)

A

the insertion of needles into selected skeletal muscles for the purpose of recording nerve conduction time in relation to muscle contraction

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18
Q

ganglion

A

a mass of nerve tissues that receives and sends out nerve impulses

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19
Q

hypothalamus

A

a structure of the brain between the cerebrum and the midbrain; lies below the thalamus

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20
Q

interneurons

A

neurons connecting sensory to motor neurons

21
Q

internuncial neurons

A

a connecting neuron in a neural pathway, usually serving as a link between two other neurons

22
Q

lumbar puncture

A

the insertion of a needle between the vertebrae in the lumbar area for the purpose of withdrawing spinal fluid

23
Q

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

a diagnostic test using magnetic waves to visualize internal body structures

24
Q

medulla oblongata

A

enlarged portion of the spinal cord; the lower portion of the brainstem

25
Q

meninges

A

the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord

26
Q

midbrain

A

that portion of the brain connecting the pons and the cerebellum

27
Q

migraines

A

a severe headache with characteristic symptoms

28
Q

motor neurons

A

refers to the nerves that permit the body to respond to stimuli

29
Q

myelography

A

an X-ray examination of the spinal cord following an injection of a radiopaque material

30
Q

occipital

A

pertaining to the back part of the head, the posterior lobe of the cerebrum

31
Q

olfactory

A

pertaining to the sense of smell

32
Q

optic

A

pertaining to the eye or sight

33
Q

parasympathetic

A

a division of the autonomic nervous system

34
Q

parietal

A

a central portion of the ceberum located on each side of the brain

35
Q

peripheral

A

(1) pertaining to a portion of the nervous system; (2) anything you plug into a computer for example, a printer, USB flash drive, monitor, or scanner; (3) side vision while looking straight forward

36
Q

pia mater

A

innermost of the three meninges of the brain and spinal cord

37
Q

plexuses

A

a network of nerves

38
Q

pons

A

a portion of the brainstem connecting the medulla oblongata and cerebellum with the upper portions of the brain

39
Q

positron emission tomography (PET scan)

A

a form of imaging permitting visualizing the physiologic function of the body

40
Q

sciatica

A

inflammation and pain along the sciatic nerve felt at the back of the thigh running down the inside of the leg

41
Q

sensory neurons

A

refers to the nerves that receive and transmit stimuli from the sense organs

42
Q

spina bifida occulta

A

a disorder characterized by a defect in the spinal vertebrae with or without protrusion of the spinal cord and meninges

43
Q

subarachnoid

A

the space between the pia mater and the arachnoid containing cerebrospinal fluid

44
Q

subdural

A

beneath the dura mater; the space between the arachnoid and the dura mater

45
Q

synpathetic

A

a portion of the autonomic nervous system

46
Q

synapse

A

the minute space between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another

47
Q

temporal

A

relating to the temporal bone on the skull

48
Q

thalamus

A

a portion of the brain lying between the cerebrum and the midbrain

Medical Assisting (33 decks)

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