the nervous and endocrine system Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the nervous system?

A
  • network of cells that is the internal primary communication system
  • elecrtical and chemical signals transferred
  • collect process and respond to info in the environment
  • coordinate diff organs and cells in the body
  • central and peripheral nervous system
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2
Q

What is the central nervous system?

A
  • made up of brain and the spinal cord
  • brain: cereberal cortex is 3mm, covers the brain
  • the brain allows higher mental functions
  • the spinal cord: passes messages to and from the brain, connects nerves to the PNS, responsible for reflex actions
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3
Q

What is the peripheral nervous system?

A
  • transmits messages through neurons to and from the CNS
  • Autonomic nervous system: governs all vital functions
  • somatic nervous system: governs muscle movement and receives info from sensory receptors
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4
Q

What is the endocrine system?

A
  • controls vital functions in the body using glands that produce hormones
  • hormones affect more than one cell in more than one organ
  • key hormones in system is pituitary gland in the brain and controls release of all the other hormones in the body
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5
Q

What does the thyroid gland do?

A
  • produces the hormone thyroxine
  • affects cells in the heart
  • affects cells in the body that affect metabolic rates that affect growth rates
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6
Q

Endocrine and ANS working together: fight or flight

A
  • when stressors received hypothalamus activates pituitary gland
  • triggers sympathetic branch of ans
  • changes to physiologically aroused sympathetic state
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7
Q

What does adrenaline do?

A
  • stress hormone released from adrenal medulla
  • triggers physiological changes necessary for fight or flight
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8
Q

What is parasympathetic action?

A
  • once the threat has passed, this returns the body to its resting state
  • reduces the activities in the body that were increased by the sympathetic branch of the ANS
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9
Q

Biological changes: sympathetic state

A
  • increased HR
  • increased BR
  • pupils dilate
  • inhibits digestion
  • inhibits saliva production
  • contracts rectum
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10
Q

Biological changes: parasympathetic state

A
  • decreases HR
  • decreases BR
  • constricts pupils
  • stimulates digestion
    -stimulates saliva production
  • relaxes rectum
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