the nervous and endocrine system Flashcards
1
Q
what is the nervous system?
A
- network of cells that is the internal primary communication system
- elecrtical and chemical signals transferred
- collect process and respond to info in the environment
- coordinate diff organs and cells in the body
- central and peripheral nervous system
2
Q
What is the central nervous system?
A
- made up of brain and the spinal cord
- brain: cereberal cortex is 3mm, covers the brain
- the brain allows higher mental functions
- the spinal cord: passes messages to and from the brain, connects nerves to the PNS, responsible for reflex actions
3
Q
What is the peripheral nervous system?
A
- transmits messages through neurons to and from the CNS
- Autonomic nervous system: governs all vital functions
- somatic nervous system: governs muscle movement and receives info from sensory receptors
4
Q
What is the endocrine system?
A
- controls vital functions in the body using glands that produce hormones
- hormones affect more than one cell in more than one organ
- key hormones in system is pituitary gland in the brain and controls release of all the other hormones in the body
5
Q
What does the thyroid gland do?
A
- produces the hormone thyroxine
- affects cells in the heart
- affects cells in the body that affect metabolic rates that affect growth rates
6
Q
Endocrine and ANS working together: fight or flight
A
- when stressors received hypothalamus activates pituitary gland
- triggers sympathetic branch of ans
- changes to physiologically aroused sympathetic state
7
Q
What does adrenaline do?
A
- stress hormone released from adrenal medulla
- triggers physiological changes necessary for fight or flight
8
Q
What is parasympathetic action?
A
- once the threat has passed, this returns the body to its resting state
- reduces the activities in the body that were increased by the sympathetic branch of the ANS
9
Q
Biological changes: sympathetic state
A
- increased HR
- increased BR
- pupils dilate
- inhibits digestion
- inhibits saliva production
- contracts rectum
10
Q
Biological changes: parasympathetic state
A
- decreases HR
- decreases BR
- constricts pupils
- stimulates digestion
-stimulates saliva production - relaxes rectum