THE NATURE OF MATTER

Question 1

ALL LIVING THINGS ARE MADE OF ________________?

Answer 1

Matter

Question 2

What is the smallest unit of matter that retains all of an element’s chemical properties?

Answer 2

Atoms

Question 3

What are the three main particles of an atom?

Answer 3

Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons.

Question 4

PROTONS

Answer 4

Positively charged subatomic particles. (Found in nucleus of the atom)

Question 5

ELECTRONS

Answer 5

NEGATIVELY charged subatomic particles. (Orbit the nucleus in energy shells)

Question 6

NEUTRONS

Answer 6

Electrically neutral. (Found in nucleus)

Question 7

WHAT IS AN ATOMIC NUMBER?

Answer 7

The number of of protons in an atom

Question 8

ATOMS THAT HAVE THE SAME NUMBER BELONG TO THE SAME?

Answer 8

Element

Question 9

WHAT ARE ATOMS OF THE SAME ELEMENT THAT HAVE THE SAME ATOMIC NUMBER BUT DIFFERENT NUMBERS OF NEUTRONS CALLED?

Answer 9

ISOTOPES of that element.

Question 10

ONE ATOM GIVING UP ONE OR MORE ELECTRONS WHICH ANOTHER ATOM GAINS IS CALLED?

Answer 10

Ionic Bonding

Question 11

ATOMS IN CHARGE

Answer 11

Atoms consist of a positively charged nucleus, surround by one or more negatively charged particles called electrons. The positive charges equal the negative charges, so the atom as no overall charge. It is electrically neutral.

Question 12

IONS IN CHARGE

Answer 12

An ion is a charged atom or molecule. It is charged because the number of electrons do not equal the number of protons in the atom or molecule. An atom can acquire a positive charge depending on whether the number of electrons in an atom is greater or less than the number of protons in the atom.

Question 13

DEFINE CATION

Answer 13

A positively charged ion. Ie: One that would be attracted to the cathode in electrolytes.

Question 14

DEFINE ANION

Answer 14

A negatively charge ion, ie, one that would be attracted to the anode in electrolysis.