The Naming of Alkanes Flashcards
Who draws up the rules for naming organic compounds?
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
What are IUPAC names also knows as?
Systematic names
What are side chains also called?
Substituent groups or branches
What are side chains/branches?
Groups of atoms attached to the main carbon chain
What side chains/branches are usually found in alkanes?
Alkyl groups
What is an alkyl group?
An alkane molecule from which a hydrogen atom has been removed
List three different types of alkyl groups
Methyl groups
Ethyl groups
Propyl groups
Give the molecular formula for a methyl group
CH3
Give the molecular formula for an ethyl group
C2H5
Give the molecular formula for a propyl group
C3H7
What changes to the name of an alkyl group if there are two identical alkyl groups present in a molecule
The alkyl group gains the prefix ‘di’ e.g. dimethyl
What does diethyl indicate?
This indicates that there are two identical ethyl groups present in this molecule
What is 2,2,4-trimehtylpentane?
An isomer of octane
What is the traditional name for 2,2,4-trimehtylpentane?
Iso-octane
What is different about cyclohexane when its structural formula is compared to the other alkanes?
Its carbon atoms are arranged in the form of a ring
