Aromatic Hydrocarbons Flashcards

1
Q

Define an aliphatic compound

A

An organic compound that consists of open chains of carbon atoms and closed chain compounds (rings) that resemble them in chemical properties

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2
Q

Why were aromatic compounds given such a name?

A

Because some of the early compounds discovered had pleasant smells

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3
Q

Define an aromatic compound

A

A compound that contains a benzene ring structure on their molecules

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4
Q

What is the molecular formula for benzene?

A

C6H6

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5
Q

Is benzene saturated or unsaturated?

A

It is highly unsaturated

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6
Q

Since benzene was unsaturated what had scientist predicted about its reactive?

A

They had predicted it was highly reactive

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7
Q

Why had scientist predicted benzene was highly reactive?

A

Because of the presence of three double bonds

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8
Q

What did scientists actually discover about benzenes reactivity?

A

It is very unreactive

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9
Q

What did scientists discover about the bonds in benzene?

A

There bond lengths in benzene are intermediate between that of a single and a double bond

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10
Q

What is different about the electrons in benzene compared to other compounds?

A

The electrons are delocalised i.e. they are not localised between pairs of carbon atoms but free to move inside the hexagon

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11
Q

What effect do the delocalised electrons have on benzene?

A

Benzene is extra stable which accounts for its unreactivity with regard to addition reactions

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12
Q

How is the structural formula of benzene drawn?

A

It is represented by a hexagon with a circle inside of it

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13
Q

Other then benzene, what two aromatic hydrocarbons are studied as part of the leaving cert course?

A

Methylbenzene

Ethylbenzene

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14
Q

How is methylbenzene drawn?

A

It is drawn like benzene except one hydrogen is replaced with a methyl group

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15
Q

What is the traditional name for methylbenzene?

A

Toluene

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16
Q

What is the main use for toluene?

A

It is used in TNT

17
Q

What does TNT stand for?

A

Trinitrotoluene

18
Q

Why is benzene considered dangerous?

A

It is highly toxic and carcinogenic

19
Q

What aromatic hydrocarbon is used in place of benzene in the laboratory?

A

Methylbenzene

20
Q

What form does methylbenzene take at room temperature?

A

Liquid

21
Q

What is methylbenzene insoluble in?

A

Water

22
Q

What is methylbenzene soluble in?

A

Organic solvents

23
Q

Name two organic solvents that methylbenzene dissolves in

A

Cyclohexane

Propanone

24
Q

What is a good property of methylbenzene?

A

It is a good solvent and can dissolve iodine crystals unlike water