The Muscular System: Movement For The Journey

Question 1

What are three major types of muscles ?

Answer 1

Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac

Question 2

Skeletal muscles are _____ that attach to bones of the skeletal system

Answer 2

Voluntary muscles

Question 3

The fibers appear striped, so they are sometimes called?

Answer 3

Striated muscle

Question 4

These type of muscle allow external movement and are developed through exercise ?

Answer 4

Skeletal muscle

Question 5

Smooth muscles are_____?

Answer 5

Involuntary muscles

Question 6

Why are the smooth muscles called that?

Answer 6

Because they don’t have the striped appearance of skeletal muscle

Question 7

Where are smooth muscles found within?

Answer 7

Certain organs, blood vessels, and airways, and allow for internal movements

Question 8

Cardiac muscle is ?

Answer 8

Completely involuntary

Question 9

What type of appearance does cardiac muscle have?

Answer 9

It’s a specialized muscles with a striated appearance

Question 10

Where is cardiac muscle found in?

Answer 10

In the heart

Question 11

The contraction of cardiac muscle causes ?

Answer 11

Your heart beat, an internal movement

Question 12

Skeletal muscles are attached to?

Answer 12

Bones and provide movement for your body

Question 13

Tendons are ?

Answer 13

Fibrous tissues that attach skeletal muscles to bones

Question 14

Ligaments attach to?

Answer 14

Bone to bone

Question 15

Some muscles attach directly to a?

Answer 15

Bone or soft tissue without a tendon

Question 16

Heat is produced by?

Answer 16

Skeletal muscles

Question 17

Movement of the body is the result of ?

Answer 17

Contraction (shortening) of certain muscles while there is relaxation of others

Question 18

The primary mover (or agonist) is the ?

Answer 18

Chief muscle causing movement

Question 19

As the muscle contracts it pulls the bone causing movement

Answer 19

The antagonist relaxes

Question 20

What is the point of origin?

Answer 20

The end of the muscle that is attached to the stationary bone

Question 21

What is the point of insertion ?

Answer 21

Muscle end that is attached to the moving bone

Question 22

When you make a fist the ______ assist the primary mover

Answer 22

Synergistic muscles

Question 23

Several muscle fibers can be ?

Answer 23

Bundled together to form a specific muscle segment

Question 24

Each muscle fiber is composed of?

Answer 24

Several myofibrils

Question 25

Sarcomeres are the functional contractile unites of each fiber; they___?

Answer 25

Form a repeating pattern in each myofibril

Question 26

Each sarcomere has two types of threadlike structures called?

Answer 26

Thick and thin myofilaments

Question 27

Thick myofilaments are made up of?

Answer 27

The protein myosin

Question 28

Thin myofilaments are made up of?

Answer 28

The protein actin

Question 29

The sarcomere has actin and myosin filaments arranged in repeating units separated by a dark band called?

Answer 29

Z lines that give the striated appearance to the skeletal muscle

Question 30

Z lines are the borders of ?

Answer 30

Each sarcomere that hold all of the actin fibers together

Question 31

Muscle contraction requires the cross-bridges to form between ?

Answer 31

The myosin head and the actin to pull the sarcomere together

Question 32

What energy is needed for the contract and relaxation?

Answer 32

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Question 33

Calcium is stored away from the actin and myosin in the ?

Answer 33

Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of each muscle fiber during relaxation of the muscle

Question 34

During contraction, the calcium is released from the SR and causes?

Answer 34

Actin, myosin, and ATP to interact which causes the contraction

Question 35

Contraction of skeletal muscle require the coordination of both the ?

Answer 35

Muscular and nervous systems

Question 36

The initiation of a skeletal muscular contraction requires an impulse from a motor neuron to cause the release of a neurotransmitter substance called?

Answer 36

Acetylcholine which sets the process of muscle contraction into motion

Question 37

Acetylcholine opens the sodium channels which?

Answer 37

Excites the muscle fibers

Question 38

The body stores glycogen in the muscle, where it waits to be converted to a useable energy source. When needed glycogen is?

Answer 38

Converted to glucose which releases energy

Question 39

Smooth muscle, also called visceral muscle is found?

Answer 39

In the internal organs except for the heart

Question 40

Enlarging the diameter of a blood vessel is called?

Answer 40

Vasodilation

Question 41

Decreasing the diameter of a blood vessel is called?

Answer 41

Vasoconstriction

Question 42

Vasodilation can lead to a ?

Answer 42

Decrease in blood pressure due to smooth muscle relaxation in the blood vessel

Question 43

Vasoconstriction increases ?

Answer 43

Blood pressure

Question 44

Cardiac muscle is ?

Answer 44

Involuntary

Question 45

This muscle does not repair itself?

Answer 45

Cardiac muscle

Question 46

Damage to cardiac muscle always leaves a ?

Answer 46

Scar

Question 47

Hypertrophy refers to ?

Answer 47

Increased growth

Question 48

Muscles may waste away (atrophy) from the?

Answer 48

Lack of use

Question 49

Myalgia is ?

Answer 49

Pain or tenderness in a muscle

Question 50

Fibromyalgia mostly affects ?

Answer 50

Women in their 40’s

Question 51

Ataxia are?

Answer 51

Irregular muscle action with lack coordination

Question 52

Partial or total loss of function in voluntary muscles can be either flaccid or rigid is called?

Answer 52

Paralysis

Question 53

Involuntary sudden and violent contraction of a muscle for a prolonged period of time is called?

Answer 53

Spasm or cramp

Question 54

Tears or breaks in ligaments are called?

Answer 54

Sprains

Question 55

Actual tears in muscles or tendons are called?

Answer 55

Strains

Question 56

A tear in the muscle wall with an organ protruding through the opening is called a?

Answer 56

Hernia

Question 57

Inflammation of the tendons is called?

Answer 57

Tendinitis

Question 58

This disorder gradually increasing profound muscle weakness, with drooping of the eyelid as the first symptom?

Answer 58

Myasthenia

Question 59

This disorder is inherited muscular disease in which muscle fibers degenerate and there is progressive muscular weakness is called?

Answer 59

Muscular dystrophy

Question 60

This disorder of the peripheral nervous system causes flaccid and paralysis and the loss of reflexes, ascending from the feet and progressing to the head is called?

Answer 60

Guillain-Barré syndrome

Question 61

This neuromuscular creates rigid paralysis, and minor stimulus causes muscles to go into a major spasm. It’s a result of toxins produced by bacteria found in the ground from a puncture wound called?

Answer 61

Tetanus

Question 62

The chief muscle causing movement is the ?

Answer 62

Prime mover

Question 63

The point where the muscle attaches to the movable bone is the ?

Answer 63

Insertion

Question 64

The muscles that assist the agonist are?

Answer 64

Synergists

Question 65

Inflammation of the extensor muscles and surrounding tissues of the lower leg found in runner?

Answer 65

Shin splints