The Muscular System Flashcards
Tendons
connect muscle to bone; provide anchor for muscles to produce force
Fascia
outer layer of connective tissue surrounding a muscle
Fascicles
bundle of individual muscle fibers
Muscle fiber
cellular components and myofibrils encased in a plasma membrane
Sarcomere
produces muscular contraction; repeating sections of actin and myosin
Sliding filament theory
thick and thin filaments slide past one another, shortening the entire sarcomere
Type I (slow twitch) muscle tissue
smaller size; fatigue slowly
Type II (fast twitch) muscle tissue
larger size; quick to produce maximal tension; fatigue quickly
Motor unit
one motor neuron and the muscle fiber it connects it with
Neural activation
contraction of a muscle generated by neural stimulation
Neurotransmitters
chemical messengers that transport impulses from nerve to muscle
Local stabilization system
attach directly to vertebrae
consists of: transverse abdominis, internal oblique, multifidus, pelvic floor, diaphragm
Global stabilization system
attach from pelvis to spine
(consists of: quadrtus lumborum, psoas major, external oblique, rectus abdominis, gluteus medius, adductor complex, portions of internal oblique)
Movement system
attach spine and/or pelvis to extremities
consists of: latissimus dorsi, hip flexors, hamstring complex, quadriceps
