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Personal Training > The Cardiorespiratory System > Flashcards

The Cardiorespiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Cardiorespiratory system

A

cardiovascular and respiratory systems

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2
Q

Cardiovascular system

A

heart, blood, and blood vessels

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3
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

shorter, more tightly connected than skeletal muscle; involuntary

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4
Q

Atria

A

smaller, superior chambers of the heart; receive blood from veins

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5
Q

Right atrium

A

gathers deoxygenated blood returning to the heart

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6
Q

Left atrium

A

gathers oxygenated blood from the lungs

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7
Q

Sinoatrial (SA) node

A

located in the right atrium; initiates impulse for heart rate; “pacemaker for the heart”

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8
Q

Ventricles

A

larger, inferior chambers of the heart; pump blood out

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9
Q

Right ventricle

A

pumps deoxygenated blood to lungs

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10
Q

Left ventricle

A

pumps oxygenated blood to the body

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11
Q

Arteries

A

carry blood away from the heart

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12
Q

Veins

A

Transport blood back to the heart

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13
Q

Arterioles

A

small branches of arteries; end in capillaries

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14
Q

Capillaries

A

smallest blood vessels; site of gas, chemical, and water exchange

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15
Q

Venules

A

very small veins; connect capillaries to larger veins

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16
Q

Stroke volume

A

amount of blood pumped with each contraction

17
Q

Heart rate

A

the rate at which the heart pumps; average untrained adult = 70-80 bpm

18
Q

Cardiac output

A

volume of blood pumped per minute; heart rate x stroke volume

19
Q

Respiratory system

A

lungs and respiratory passageways; brings in oxygen, removes CO2

20
Q

Inspiration

A

contracting inspiratory muscles to move air into lungs

21
Q

Inspiratory muscles

A

primary - diaphragm, external intercostals

secondary - scalenes, pectorals minor, sternocleidomastoid

22
Q

Expiration

A

relaxing inspiratory muscles (passive), contracting expiratory muscles (active) to move air out

23
Q

Expiratory muscles

A

internal intercostals, abdominals

24
Q

Resting oxygen consumption (VO2)

A

3.5 ml × kg-1× min-1= 1 metabolic equivalent(MET)

25
Q

Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max)

A

highest rate of oxygen transport and utilization achieved at maximal physical exertion

26
Q

Abnormal breathing patterns

A

associated with stress and anxiety; may result in headaches, fatigue, poor circulation, and/or poor sleep patterns

27
Q

Cardiorespiratory exercise increases:

A

cardiac output, breathing efficiency, oxygen transport and use, use of fats for fuel, mental alertness, ability to relax and sleep, tolerance to stress, lean body mass, metabolic rate

28
Q

Cardiorespiratory exercise decreases:

A

resting heart rate, cholesterol, blood pressure, and the risks of heart disease, blood clots, depression, anxiety, obesity, and diabetes

Personal Training (18 decks)

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