Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Human Anatomy > The Muscular System > Flashcards

The Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the interaction of skeletal muscles?

A

They can work together or opposite to undo each other’s movements. They also can only ever pull on bones, they cannot push. They pull in a way that the insertion will move towards the origin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

List and describe the functional groups of skeletal muscles?

A

Prime Mover (Agonist) - provides the most force for a particular action

  • Antagonist - Opposes or reverses a particular action
  • Synergists - Muscle that are ‘on” or contracting, together. Help prime movers or reduce undesirable movement
  • Fixators - Synergist that immobilize a bone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe the various ways the skeletal muscles are named?

A
  • Location - Where it is on the body
  • Shape
  • Size
  • Direction of the fibers - Transversus, Oblique, Rectus
  • Number of origins - how many heads form the nuscles origin
  • Location of the attachment
  • Action the muscle will perform
  • Any combination of the above
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

List and describe the arrangement of fascicles in skeletal muscles?

A

Circular - Usually a round muscle with fibers in a circular pattern

  • Convergent - fibers start at a broad origin and run to a common point
  • parallel - fibers running in the same direction along a long, strap-like muscle
  • Fusiform - Fibers running in the same direction along a long muscle with a thicker middle portion
  • Pinnate - obliquely running fibers, Uni- one set Bi- two sets; Multi - Three or more sets
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

List and describe the three components to a lever system?

A

Lever - Bar that rotates around a point; our bones

Fulcrum - point in which the lever rotates about; our joints

Force - Effort - a force that provides the movement - our muscle Load - Mass being moved - our body mass and potentially an external object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Frontalis

A

Origin: Galea aponeurotice
Insertion : Eyebrow
Primary Action : Raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Occipitalis

A

Origin: Occipital and Temporal Bones
Insertion: Galea aponeurotica
Primary Action: Pull scalp posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Oribicularis oculi

A

Origin : frontal and maxillary bones
Insertion: eyelids
Primary action: blinking and squinting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Orbicularis oris

A

Origin : maxilla and mandible
Insertion : Muscle and skin of mouth
Primary action: Closes, purses and protrudes lipds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Buccinator

A

Origin : Molar region of maxilla and mandible
Insertion: orbicularis oris
Primary action: Draws corners of mouth laterally, chewing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Temporalis

A

Origin : Temporal bone
Insertion : Mandible
Primary action : Elevates and retracts mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Masseter

A

Origin : Zygomatic Arch/Maxilla
Insertion : mandible
Primary action: Primary elevator of mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Digastric

A

Origin : Temporal bone and mandible
Insertion : hyoid
Primary action : swollowing and speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Mylohyoid

A

Origin : Mandible
Insertion : Hyoid
Primary action : Elevates hyoid and floor of mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sternohyoid

A

Origin : Sternum
Insertion : hyoid
Primary action : Depresses hyoid and larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sternothyoid

A

Origin : Sternum
Insertion : Thyroid cartilage
Primary action : Pulls thyroid cartilage inferiorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Thyrohyoid

A

Origin : Thyroid Cartilage
Insertion : Hyoid
Primary action : Depresses hyoid and elevates larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Origin : Sternum/Clavicle
Insertion: Temporal and Occipital bones
Primary action : Both - neck flexion; Singular - rotates head to opposite side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Scalenes (anterior, medial, posterior)

A

Origin : cervicle
Insertion : Ribs 1 & 2
Primary action : Elevates ribs 1 , 2; flex and rotate neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Splenius Capitis

A

Both - extend/hyperextend head ; single -rotate and lateral flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Splenius cervicis

A

Both - extend/hyperextend head ; single -rotate and lateral flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

lliocostalis cervicis

A

Both - extend vertebral column; single - lateral flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

lliocostalis thoracis

A

Both - extend vertebral column; single - lateral flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

lliocostalis lumborum

A

Both - extend vertebral column; single - lateral flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Longissimus capitis

A

Both - extend head; single turns head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Longissimus Cervicis

A

Both - extend head; single turns head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Longissimus Thoracis

A

Both - extend head; single turns head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Spinalis thoracis

A

Extends vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

spinalis cervicis

A

Extend vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Multifidus

A

Origin : Vertebra
Insertion : 2-3 vertebrae above origin
Primary action : Stabiliztion and roatation of vertebral column

31
Q

Diaphragm

A

Origin : Inferior surface of rib cage
Insertion : Central Tendon
Primary action : Inspiration (flattens on contraction)

32
Q

External intercostal

A

Primary action : elevates rib cages (inspiration)

33
Q

Internal intercostal

A

Primary action : Depresses rib cages (forced expiration)

34
Q

Rectus Adbominis

A

Origin : Pubic bone
Insertion : Xiphoid and Costal cartilage
Primary action : Flex, Rotate trunk; compress wall

35
Q

External Oblique

A

Insertion : Linea alba

Primary action : flex and compress wall; rotation and lateral flex

36
Q

internal oblique

A

Insertion : linea alba

Primary action : Flex and compress wall ; rotation and lateral flex

37
Q

Transversus abdominis

A

Insertion : linea alba

Primary action : compresses abdomen

38
Q

Pectoralis minor

A

Origin : Ribs 3 - 5
Insertion : Scapula
Primary action : Draws scapula forward and down or ribcage superiorly

39
Q

Serratus anterior

A

Primary action : Holds scapula to thorax

40
Q

Trapezius

A

Origin : Occipital bone and Thoracic vertebrae
Insertion : Scapula and clavicle
Primary action : Stabilizes, raises, roatates and retracts scapula

41
Q

Levator scapulae

A

Origin : cervical vertebrae
Insertion : Scapula
Primary action : elevates and adducts scapula

42
Q

Rhomboid major

A

Origin : Thoracic vertebrae
Insertion : Scapula
Primary action : Retracts scapula

43
Q

Rhomboid Minor

A

Origin : C7 and T1
Insertion : scapula
Primary action : Retracts scapula

44
Q

Pectoralis major

A

Origin : clavicle, sternum and costal cartilag
Insertion : Humerus
Primary action : Prime mover of arm flexion; rotation and adduction

45
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

Origin : Vertebral column, ribs, and llium
Insertion : Humerus
Primary action : Prime mover of arm abduction; flexion and rotation of arm

46
Q

Deltoid

A

Origin : Clavicle and scapula
Insertion : Humerus
Primary action : Prime mover of arm abduction; flexion and roatation of arm

47
Q

Subscapularis

A

Primary action : Stabilizes shoulder

48
Q

Supraspinatus

A

Primary action : Stabilizes shoulder

49
Q

Infraspinatus

A

Primary action : stabilizes shoulder

50
Q

Teres minor

A

Origin : Scapula
Insertion : Humerus
Primary action : extension, rotation and adduction of arm

51
Q

Teres Major

A

Origin : scapula
Insertion : Humerus
Primary action : Extension, rotation and adduction of arm

52
Q

Triceps brachii

A

Origin : Scapula and humerus
Insertion : ulna
Primary action : forearm extensor

53
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Origin : scapula
Insertion : radius
Primary action : flexes elbow and supinates

54
Q

Branchialis

A

origin : scapula
Insertion : radius
Primary action : Flexes forearm

55
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Origin : Humerus
Insertion : Radius
Primary action : Aids in forearm flexion

56
Q

Pronator teres

A

Primary action : Pronation

57
Q

Subinator

A

Primary action : supination

58
Q

lliacus

A

Origin : llium and sacrum
Insertion : Femur
Primary action : Prime mover for thigh/trunk flexion

59
Q

Psoas major

A

Origin : Lumbar vertebrae
insertion : femur
Primary action : prime mover for thightrunk flexion

60
Q

Sartorius

A

Origin : llium
Insertion : tibia
Primary action : Flexes and abducts thigh

61
Q

Abductor magnus

A

Origin : llium
insertion : Tibia
Primary action : Adducts

62
Q

Adductor Longus

A

Origin : Pubis
Insertion : Femur
Primary action : Adducts thigh

63
Q

Gracilis

A

Origin : pubis
Insertion : Tibia
Primary action : Adducts thigh

64
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

Origin : pelvis
Insertion : femur
Primart action : Major extensor of thigh

65
Q

Gluteus medius

A

Origin : llium
insertion : femur
Primary action : Abducts thigh

66
Q

Gluteus minimus

A

Origin : llium
Insertion : femur
Primary action : Abducts thigh

67
Q

Tensor Fasciae latae

A

Origin : llium
Insertion : lliotibial tract
Primary action : flexes abducts thigh

68
Q

Rectus femoris

A

origin : llium
insertion : patella
Primary action : extends knee; flexes thigh at hip

69
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

Origin : femus
Insertion : patella
Primary action : extends and stabilizes knee

70
Q

Vastus medialis

A

Origin : femur
Insertion : patella
Primary action : extends knee

71
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

Origin : femur
Insertion : patella
Primary action : extends knee

72
Q

Biceps femoris

A

Origin : ischium and femus
Insertion : fibula and tibia
primary action : extends thigh and flexes knee

73
Q

semimembranosus

A

Origin : ischium
Insertion Tibia
Primary action : extends thigh and flexes knee

74
Q

Semitendinosus

A

Origin : ischium
Insertion : tibia
primary action : extends thigh and flexes knee

Human Anatomy (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions