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Human Anatomy > Chapter 7 & 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 & 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Components of the skeletal system?

A
  • Bone
  • Cartilages
  • Joints
  • Ligaments
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2
Q

Functions of the skeletal system?

A
  • Support body tissues
  • Protect organs
  • Move the body
  • Store minerals and growth hormones
  • Make blood cells
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3
Q

Two Major divisions of the skeletal system?

A
  • Axial

- Appendicular

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4
Q

Components of the axial skeletal system?

A
  • Skull
  • Vertebral column
  • Bony thorax
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5
Q

Two subdivisions of the skull

A
  • Cranial

- Facial

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6
Q

Function of the Cranium

A
  • Protect the brain

- Muscle Attachment

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7
Q

Function of the facial bones

A
  • Provides framework for face
  • Houses sensory organs
  • Muscle attachment
  • Secures teeth
  • Provides passages for nerves and vessels
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8
Q

Different anatomical features of the cranium?

A
  • Vault (calvaria)

- Floor (Base)

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9
Q

List the cranial bones which are paired and which are not?

A

-Paired
–Temporal
–Parietal
NOT PAIRED
-Frontal
-Occipital
-Sphenoid
-Ethmoid

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10
Q

Keystone bone of the cranium?

A

Sphenoid

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11
Q

How are the cranial bones articulated?

A

By sutures except the mandible

The mandible is a synovial joint and articules with the temporal bone

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12
Q

Frontal

A 
Anterior portion of cranium
-Squama
-Glabella
-Sinus
-Zygomatic process
-Supraorbital margin 
-subraorbital foramen/notch
-Orbital plate
Forms anterior cranial fossa
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13
Q

Parietal

A

-Forms supralateral part of cranium and all four major sutures.

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14
Q

Temporal

A 
-Inferolateral aspect
Four parts (regions):
-Sqaumous
-Petrous 
-Mastoid
-Tympanic
Markings
-Zygomatic process
-Mandibular fossa
-Mastoid process
-Stolid Process
-Internal and external acoustic (auditory) meatuses
- Carotid canal
Forms jugular foramen with occipital bone and foramen lacerum with the sphenoid bone. 
-Forms middle cranial fossa
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15
Q

Occipital Bone

A

Posterior Aspect

  • Occipital condyles
  • Superior and inferior nuchal lines
  • External occipital protuberance
  • Foramen magnum
  • Hypoglossal canals
  • Forms posterior cranial fossa
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16
Q

Ethmoid

A

Located between orbits

  • Crista galli
  • Cribriform plate with olfactory foramina
  • Sinuses
  • Orbital plate
  • Perpendicular plate
  • middle and superior nasal conchae
17
Q

Sphenoid

A 
"Keystone"
Wedge shaped
-Forms floor of cranium
-Greater and lesser wings
-Pterygoid processes
-Sella turcica with hypophyseal fossa
-sinuses
-Body
-Foramen rotundum, ovale, and spinosum
-Optic canals
also forms superior orbital fissures
18
Q

Cavities of the skull and what the contain

A
  • Cranial (Brain)
  • Orbit (Eye)
  • Middle ear (Ossicles for hearing)
  • Nasal (Sensory for smell)
  • Oral (tongue and sensory for taste, teeth)
19
Q

Name the sutures of the cranium and which bones articulate to form them

A

Coronal - Frontal with parietals
Lambdoid - Occipital with parietals
Squamous(squamosal) - Temporal with parietal
Sagittal - Parietals together

20
Q

Facial Bones. Which are pair? which are not?

A 
Pair
-Zygomatic 
-Palatine
-Nasal
-Lacrimal
-maxillae
-inferior nasal conchae
Non Paired
-Vomer
-Mandible
21
Q

Keystone for facial bones

A

Maxillae

22
Q

How are each of the facial bones articulared together

A

By sutures except for the mandible

23
Q

Mandible

Markings

A 
Body
Ramus
Condyle 
Coronoid process
Notch
angle
Alveolar process
Mandibular foramen
mental foramen
24
Q

Maxillae

A 
Zygomatic
Frontal and palatine processes
Infraorbital foramen
alveolar process
Sinuses
-Forms the inferior orbital fissures
25
Q

Seven bones that form the orbit?

A 
Zygomatic
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
Maxilla
Frontal 
Lacrimal 
Palatine
26
Q

Bones that contain the paranasal sinsues

A

Frontal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Maxillae

27
Q

Function of the Paranasal Sinuses

A

Resonate speech
Warm and Moisten air
Lighten skull

28
Q

What is the only unarticulated bone in the body is?

A

Hyoid

29
Q

Function of the Hyoid bone

A

Attachment for tongue and other soft tissue structures such as the larynx

30
Q

How many vertebrae form the vertebral column

A 
26 Vertebrae
-7 Cervical 
-12 thoracic
-5 lumbar
-Sacrum 
-Coccyx
33 if consider the fused vertebrae of the sacrum and coccyx as separate bones

Human Anatomy (5 decks)

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