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Medical Terminology > The Muscular System > Flashcards

The Muscular System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

What are the three functions of muscles?

A
  1. Helps maintain posture
  2. Produces heat
  3. Provides movement
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1
Q

What are the five ways muscles get their names?

A
  1. Location
  2. Action
  3. Shape
  4. Origin and Insertion
  5. Number of Divisions
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2
Q

What do tendons do?

A

Attach muscle to bone.

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3
Q

What do ligaments do?

A

Attach bone to bone and provide support to muscle.

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4
Q

What does IM stand for?

A

Intramuscular

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5
Q

What does RICE stand for?

A

Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation

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6
Q

What does ROM stand for?

A

Range
Of
Motion

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7
Q

-paresis?

A

Weakness

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8
Q

Fasci/o?

A

Fibrous membrane

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9
Q

Fibr/o?

A

Fiber

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10
Q

Sthen/o?

A

Strength

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11
Q

Tend/o?

A

Tendon

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12
Q

Tendin/o?

A

Tendon

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13
Q

What are the three types of muscle?

A

Skeletal
Visceral/Smooth
Cardiac

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14
Q

What two muscle types are striated?

A

Cardiac and Skeletal?

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15
Q

What muscle type is nonstriated?

A

Visceral/Smooth

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16
Q

What two types of muscles have involuntary movement?

A

Cardiac and Smooth

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17
Q

What type of muscle tissue has voluntary movement?

A

Skeletal

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18
Q

What is elasticity?

A

The ability to resume former length when stretched

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19
Q

What is irritability?

A

The ability to respond to stimuli

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20
Q

What is tone (tonus)?

A

A state of readiness

21
Q

What is the diaphragm?

A

Intercostal muscles, main muscle of respiration

22
Q

What are intercostal muscles?

A

Muscles between the ribs, secondary/accessory muscle of respiration

23
Q

What is a sphincter?

A

A ring of muscle that closes openings

24
Q

What is the orbicularis oris?

A

Draws lips together as in kissing.

25
Q

What is the oribicularis oris also known as?

A

The kissing muscle

26
Q

What does the deltoid do?

A

Moves the upper arm

27
Q

What does the pectorialis major do?

A

Moves the upper arm

28
Q

How many divisions in the biceps brachii?

A

Two

29
Q

What do the biceps do?

A

Flex the lower arm when the hand is supinated

30
Q

What do adductors do?

A

Press the thighs together as in riding horseback

31
Q

What do the soleus do?

A

Invert the ankle

32
Q

What does the orbicularis oculi do?

A

Closes eyelids

33
Q

What does the masseter do?

A

Helps us chew and closes jaw

34
Q

What is the sternocleidomastoid do?

A

Helps rotate head, hold it erect, and bow your head

35
Q

What is the sternocleidomastoid also known as?

A

The praying muscle

36
Q

What are the four layers of muscle that make the abdominal wall strong?

A
  1. Rectus abdominis
  2. External oblique
  3. Internal oblique
  4. Teansversus abdominis
37
Q

What is the rectus abdominis?

A

The outer most layer of abdominal muscle

38
Q

What is the inner most layer of muscle?

A

Transversus abdominis

39
Q

What is the satorius?

A

Used in crossing your legs

40
Q

What is the quadriceps femoris?

A

Extends knee as in kicking a football

41
Q

What is the peroneus longus?

A

Everts the ankle

42
Q

What is the tibialis anterior?

A

Flexes the foot and inverts the ankle. It’s the muscle we use to walk on our heels.

43
Q

Wha does the trapezius do?

A

Moves the shoulders by raising them up as throwing them back

44
Q

What is the latissimus dorsi?

A

Brings down arms forcibly as in swimming.

45
Q

What is the aponeuroses?

A

A sheet of connective tissue at the small of the back

46
Q

What does the gluteus Maximus do?

A

Helps us stand erect, rotates the thigh.

47
Q

What does the gastrocnemius do?

A

Extends the foot, used to stand on our tip toes.

48
Q

What is the gastrocnemius also called?

A

The dancers muscle.

49
Q

What does the triceps brachii do?

A

Extends the upper arm

50
Q

What do the hamstrings do?

A

Flex the lower leg, making the angle at the knee joint smaller.

51
Q

What are the two muscles that are sites for IMs?

A

Deltoid

Gluteus Maximus

Medical Terminology (10 decks)

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