The Muscular System

Question 1

What is the main function of muscles ?

Answer 1

To contract to create movement

Question 2

What is an antagonistic muscle pair ?

Answer 2

As one muscle (agonist) contracts the other muscle (antagonist) relaxes

Question 3

What are examples of the antagonistic pairs ?

Answer 3

Bicep - tricep
Trapezius - pectorals
Abdominals - erector spinal
Deltoids - lattisimus Doris
Quadriceps - hamstrings
Tibialis anterior - gastrocnemius
Glutes - hip flexors

Question 4

What is a synergist muscle ?

Answer 4

Assists the agonist in performing a movement

Question 5

What is a fixator muscle ?

Answer 5

The muscle that stabilise the joint during movement

Question 6

Is the agonist always the muscle shortening ?

Answer 6

NO - some movements are required to be controlled in a smooth manor therefore the muscle that lengthens can also be classed as the main agonist.

Downwards phase of a squat the quadricep lengthens and is the agonist to allow control

Question 7

How many types of muscle contraction are there ?

Answer 7

Three

Question 8

Define and provide examples for isometric contraction ?

Answer 8

DO NOT CREATE MOVEMENT
Muscles produce force without lengthening or shortening
Static position

Crucifix (rings), plank, scrum, handstand

Question 9

Define and provide examples for concentric contraction ?

Answer 9

The muscle SHORTENS under tension to produce force

Bicep curl, hamstring curl, plantar flexion

Question 10

Define and provide examples for eccentric contraction ?

Answer 10

The muscle LENGTHENS whilst under tension

Lowering into a squat, tricep dips
The muscle acts as a brake to control the movement