The muscular system Flashcards
Definition of tendon
A fibrous connective tissue that attaches a muscle to bone
Definition of origin
The point of muscular attachment to a stationary bone which stays relatively fixed during muscular contraction
Definition of insertion
The point of muscular attachment to a moveable bone which get closer to the origin during muscular contraction
Where is the biceps brachii origin and insertion?
Origin - scapula
Insertion - radius
Definition of fixator
A muscle that stabilises one part of a body while the other moves
Definition of agonist
A muscle responsible for creating movement at a joint
What is an agonist also known as?
Prime mover
Definition of antagonist
A muscle that opposes the agonist providing resistance for a co-ordinated movement
Definition of antagonistic muscle action
Paired muscle action, as the agonist shortens to create movement, the antagonist lengths to co-ordinate the action
What are the two types of isotonic muscle contraction?
Concentric, eccentric
Definition of isotonic muscular contraction?
Muscular contraction which changes length during its contraction
What is a concentric muscle contraction?
Muscular contraction which shortens while producing tension
Sporting example of a concentric muscle contraction
Upwards phase of a bicep curl
What is an eccentric muscle contraction?
Muscular contraction which lengthens while producing tension. Resists forces such as gravity to control joint movement
What is a sporting example of an eccentric muscle contraction?
Downwards phase of a bicep curl
What is an isometric muscle contraction?
Muscular contraction which stays the same length while producing tension
What is a sporting example of an isometric muscular contraction?
Maintaining posture, holding a position skill
Which weighted movements have the same agonist for concentric and eccentric muscle contractions?
Biceps curl- flexion and extension is both biceps brachii
Press up - flexion and extension is both triceps brachii
Squat - flexion and extension is both rectus femoris
