the muscular system Flashcards
1
Q
functions
A
- movement
- posture
- body function
2
Q
movement
A
- kicking, throwing, walking
- muscles contract and relax around joints and bones which allows movement to occur
3
Q
posture
A
- abdominal and back muscles hold the body upright
4
Q
body functions
A
- the digestive system is surrounded by smooth muscles and utilizes muscle contractions
- the diaphragm
- cardiac muscles
- skeletal moves the body
5
Q
types of muscle
A
- skeletal (voluntary control)
- smooth (involuntary control)
- cardiac (involuntary control)
6
Q
types of muscle contraction
A
tension develops in a muscle
- isotonic
- isometric
- isokinetic
7
Q
isotonic contraction
A
- controlled lengthening and shortening of the muscle
- concentric
- eccentric
- motion occurs
8
Q
concentric
A
- tension develops while muscle shortens
- causes joint movement
9
Q
eccentric
A
- tension develops while muscle lengthens
- controls joint movement
10
Q
isometric contraction
A
- tension develops in muscle but there is no change in muscle length
- static contraction
- no movement occurs at the joint
- stops joint movement
- holding a plank, pushing a wall
11
Q
reciprocal inhibition
A
- the relationship of muscles working in pairs
- when two muscles work together to create a movement
- one contracts (shortens) whilst the other relaxes (lengthens)
- agonist
- antagonist
12
Q
agonist
A
- is the muscle that is pulling
- prime mover
- directly responsible for the movement at a joint
13
Q
antagonist
A
- is the muscle that is relaxing
- muscle that is relaxing
- has the opposite action to the agonist
14
Q
points of attachment for muscles
A
- origin
- insertion
15
Q
origin
A
the site where a muscle is attached to a stable bone which the muscles pull again
