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Chemistry > The Moles Concept > Flashcards

The Moles Concept Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a mole?

A

The amount of substance that contains 6 x 10^23 atoms, ions, or molecules

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2
Q

what is the Avogadro constant?

A

The number 6 x 10^23

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3
Q

What is the formula for calculating moles?

A

mole x atomic mass

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4
Q

What is a limiting reagent?

A

The reagent with the least number of moles is the limiting reagent and will all react.

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5
Q

How do we find the limiting reagent?

A

Find the moles ratio of all the reagents, the one with the lowest is the limiting reagent

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6
Q

What is an empirical formula?

A

The smallest whole-number ratio of the atoms of each element in a compound

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7
Q

What is a molecular formula?

A

The actual number of atoms of each element in a compound

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8
Q

How do you find the Empirical formula?

A

1) Write down the % or mass in grams of each element
2) Divide by the atomic mass to get the ratio of atoms
3) Divide by the smallest number to turn the atom into a whole-number ratio

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9
Q

How do you find the Molecular formula?

A

1) Molecular mass / Empirical mass = Units

2) Empirical formula x Units = Molecular formula

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10
Q

What is the molecular formula for ionic compounds?

A

Molecular formula = Empirical formula

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11
Q

What is RTP?

A

(room temperature and pressure)

1 mole of any gas occupies a volume of 24dm^3 at a temperature of 25C and a pressure of one atmosphere

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12
Q

What is the formula for moles of a GAS?

A

Number of moles of gas x 24
(24,000 if using cm^3)

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13
Q

How many cm^3 is 1 dm^3?

A

1 dm^3 = 1000 cm^3

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14
Q

What is a theoretical yield?

A

The maximum amount of product that would be collected under perfect reaction conditions

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15
Q

How do you calculate percentage yield?

A

Percentage yield = (Mass-Produced / Theoretical yield) x 100%

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16
Q

What is a percentage yield?

A

The percentage yield of a product is the percentage of its theoretical yield achieved

17
Q

How can the percentage purity be calculated?

A

Percentage purity = (Mass of pure substance / Mass of sample) x 100%

18
Q

What is molar concentration and mass concentration?

A

Molar concentration = molarity (mol/dm^3)

Mass concentration = molality (g/dm^3)

19
Q

How do you find moles from concentration?

A

Number of moles = (volume of solution cm^3 / 1000) x molar concentration

20
Q

How do you find Mr from concentration?

A

Mr = Mass concentration / Molar concentration

Chemistry (7 decks)

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