The Mole Flashcards
How can we tell molecular and ionic compounds apart?
Molecular - 2 non-metals
Ionic - Metal and non metal
How are molecular compounds named?
Prefixes, second element ending in ide
1 prefix:
mono
2 prefix:
di
3 prefix:
tri
4 prefix:
tetra
5 prefix:
penta
6 prefix:
hexa
7 prefix:
hepta
8 prefix:
octa
10 prefix:
deca
Roman numerals - 1-4
I, II, III, IV, V,
9 prefix:
nona
How are ionic compounds named?
- Use Roman numerals for metals with multiple charges
- metal is always first
- The second element ending is always - ide / ate/ ite
Diluted
= C1V1 = C2V2
What is molar mass used for and what is it?
Convert between mass and number of moles and it is the mass of one mole per substance
Molar concentration
= molarity = M= mol/l
Empirical formula
The simplest whole number ratio of atoms in the compound - ionic - made up of 2 same repeating structures no matter what
Convert % to g
convert gram to mol
divide each by the smallest mole value
multiply values to get the simplest whole-number ratio
STP
= 22.4L = 0 degrees Celsius
Avagadro Number
6.02 x 10^23
What can the particles measured by a mole represent?
Any particle - number of atoms, molecules, ions, elections, etc.
Molar Volume:
The volume of one mole of a gas at a specific temperature and pressure - so one mole of any gas will have the same volume
Gasses
- most share the same chemical properties
- gasses in molecules are far apart and move randomly
What does it mean if a solution is more concentrated?
more solute in it
What does it mean if a solution is diluted or less concentrated?
less solute
What happens when you dilute a solution?
more solvent is added concentration decreases, and volume increases, and the number of moles does not change.
what a Mole is and how it relates to Avogadro’s Number
Avogadro’s Law and explain why all gases share the same general properties
describe the concentration of solutions, referring to the relative amounts of solvent and solute and the level of saturation
