The mind through the eyes of the children Flashcards
Who argued that ‘childhood’ was a social construction and not generally recognised as ‘special’ until 16th/17th centuries?
Philippe Aries
Who made the common sense book of baby and childcare
Dr Spock
Jean Piaget was a constructivist, what does constructivist mean?
Ones knowledge came about through interactions with the world
What were Piagets stages of development
(Queens old little nips)
- Qualitatively different
- Occur in invariant order
- Logically interdependent
- Never skipped
Define the sensorimotor stage
- birth to 2yrs
- know the world through movement and sensations
- these steps describe changes from a state where the world is what one experiences to one where objects (inc people) exist independently of the Childs own sensation of them
What was Piagets evidence for object permanence in his sensorimotor stage?
- ages 8-12months
- coordination of secondary circular reactions
- e.g searching search for hidden object
Describe habituation / dishabituation procedure
- Infants are repeatedly presented the same stimulus, there interest (inspection time) gradually goes
- The stimulus is changed in some way, and their interested again (if they notice the change), which is typically marked by a longer looking time.
Describe the object continuity task (Kellman and Spelke)
- When infants look longer at the broken than the complete test display.
- 4 month old infants sometimes can perceive the unity of a partly hidden object
Describe the drawbridge study (Baillargeon)
- infants looked longer at the impossible than the possible test event
- infants as young as 3.5mo can sometimes perceive the unity of a partly hidden object
Describe the sally-anne task
- sally hides marble in basket, sally leaves, Anne moves marble into box, where will sally look for marble
- 3-4yr olds fail test, 15month olds pass it.
What was Lev Vygotskys key concept
- what makes humans different from other animals is speech, speech is a vehicle of culture and a tool of thought.
