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History > The Middle Ages > Flashcards

The Middle Ages Flashcards

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0
Q

Feudal system

A

How society was organised in the Middle Ages. And how land was owned

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1
Q

Middle Ages/ Medival period

A

Time between the end of the Roman Empire

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2
Q

Demesne

A

The Kings land

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3
Q

Vassals

A

The Kings followers lords earls counts or bishops

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4
Q

Knights

A

The lords loyal soilders

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5
Q

Serf

A

A peasant that was controlled by a Lord

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6
Q

Freeman

A

A pesant who was not controlled by the lords

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7
Q

Manor

A

A manor was a village with about 20-30 houses and peasants farmed there

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8
Q

Tithe

A

When a bishop said mass the peasants would give them some of there crops

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9
Q

Commons

A

Where the animals grazed together

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10
Q

Open field system

A

The method in which peasants farmed

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11
Q

Fallow

A

Each year one of the three fields was left to fallow. This meant the crops were left to rest for a year so the soil would be fertile the next year

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12
Q

Crop rotation

A

Every year the farming method would change this is called crop rotation

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13
Q

Pottage

A

Vegetable soup with oatmeal

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14
Q

Bailiff

A

A man who kept order in the manor and arrested or killed people if they did crime

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15
Q

Sanctuary

A

A bailiff could not arrest a person who was in a church or monastery

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16
Q

Motte and Bailey

A

The very first type of castle.
Made of wood.
Built on a hill.

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17
Q

Moat

A

A ditch sometimes filled with water built around the castle

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18
Q

Keep

A

The main building where the Lord and lady lived

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19
Q

Battlements

A

At the top of the keep where the soilders looked out for enemy

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20
Q

Curtain walls

A

The outer walls of the castle

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21
Q

Turrets

A

Strong towers along the walls

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22
Q

Drawbridge

A

A bridge at the door of the castle raised at night or when an enemy approached

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23
Q

The portcullis

A

Was an iron grille that could be lower din front of the castle gate

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24
Q

Ramparts

A

Ran along the top of the walls.

Wide enough for soilders to walk along

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25
Q

Latrines

A

Latrines were the toilets of the castle

26
Q

Trenchers

A

Big slices of bread that they ate off

27
Q

Wimple

A

The women’s headdress

28
Q

Hawking

A

A favourite pastime. Hawks would sit on a persons hand and hunt songbirds

29
Q

Jousting

A

Where Knights would get blunt swords and try know there appoint off his horse

30
Q

Dowrey

A

Where the parents arranged a marriage by paining a dowry.

It could be money or household gifts

31
Q

Page

A

The first stage of being a knight.

He would be sent to another Lord and serve him

32
Q

Squire

A

The second stage of being a knight.

He would help his Lord in battles

33
Q

Dubbing

A

The squire would spend the previous night before coming a knight in a ceremony.

34
Q

Chivalry

A

A code of honour that a knight said, he should be brave and protect women and children

35
Q

Toll

A

Before entering a town if you wanted to sell goods you had to pay a toll

36
Q

Curfew

A

There was a time in the evening where you could not light fires because houses were made of wood

37
Q

Leporosy

A

A disease people got because there was little washing.

38
Q

Black Death

A

A plague carried for fleas on the black rat

39
Q

Charter

A

A legal document a king gave a town to run its own affairs

40
Q

Guild

A

Every craft had a guild. It’s was a person to make sure craftspeople were good at there trade

41
Q

Apprentice

A

The first stage of being a craftsman. He would go to a masters shop and help him

42
Q

Journey man

A

The second stage of being a craftsman. He would travel around the world selling his products

43
Q

Master craftsman

A

The 3rd stage of being a craftsman. He would have to produce a masterpiece

44
Q

Romanesque

A

The first type of churches with round arches it was dark and gloomy inside with thick columns and walls

45
Q

Gothic

A

A new style of architecture with pointed arches and stone statues over the doorways

46
Q

Flying butresses

A

Arches on the outside of the walls supporting the roof

47
Q

Dormitory

A

Instead of cells monks slept altogether in a dormitory

48
Q

Reflectory

A

Where monks ate there meals

49
Q

Cloister

A

Where the monks walked and prayed

50
Q

Scriptorium

A

Where they copied manuscripts

51
Q

Infirmary

A

Where they looked after the ill

52
Q

Chapter house

A

Where the monks met to discuss buisness

53
Q

Novice

A

When a boy joined a monastery he was called a novice. He had to learn the rules and see if the life suited him

54
Q

Tonsure

A

A haircut they got with a bald patch in the middle to show everyone they were monks

55
Q

Matins

A

Morning prayers in the church

56
Q

Vespers

A

Sunset evening prayer

57
Q

Compline

A

The final mass of the day

58
Q

Abbot

A

The head of the monastery he was voted by other monks

59
Q

Prior

A

The vice abbot. He would fill in for him when he was travelling

60
Q

Almoner

A

Looked after poor when they visited

61
Q

Hosteller

A

Looked after travellers

62
Q

Friars

A

Monks who travelled across the world to help people who needed them.

History (12 decks)

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