The Middle Ages Flashcards
What period describes the Middle Ages?
- The period from Norman conquest (1066) to 1485
- Time of constant war
- The English kings fought with Welsh, Irish and Scottish noblemen for land
Time of constant war
How did the English establish control in Wales?
In 1284, King Edward I of England introduced the Statute of Rhuddlan, which annexed Wales to the Crown of England
By the middle of the 15th century the last Welsh rebellions had been defeated. English laws and the English language were introduced.
Which castles did King Edward I of England built to maintain power in Wales?
- Conwy
- Caernarvon
The Battle of Bannonckburn
In 1314
The Scottish, led by Robert the Bruce, defeated the English, led by King Edward the II
The Hundred Years War
Famous battle?
- Lasted 116 years
- English War with France
- The Battle of Agincourt in 1415 (King Henry V)
King Henry V was vastly outnumbered, but won
The Black Death
1348, killed 1/3 of the population
When was Magna Carta introduced?
- 1215
- Idea that even the king is subject to law
- 2 houses established in the parliament
- House of Lords - nobility, bishops, great landowners
- House of Commons - smaller landowners, wealthy people
When did English become the preferred language of the royal court and Parliament?
by 1400
The Canterbury Tales
- End of 14th century
- By Geoffrey Chaucer
- First book to be printed by William Caxton
Poem ‘The Bruce’
By John Barbour about the Battle of Bannonckburn
War of the Roses
- A civil war from 1455 to decide who should be king
- Fought between the House of Lancaster and the House of York
- Ended with the **Battle of Bosworth Field **in 1485
- King Richard killed, Henry Tudor (Lancaster) became King Henry VII
- Henry VII married Richard’s niece, Elizabeth of York, uniting the two families
