Early Britain

Question 1

Who were the first people in Britain?
When did they come?

Answer 1

Hunter gatheres
Stone Age

For much of stone age, Britain was connected to the continent by a land

Question 2

When did Britain become separated from the continent?

Answer 2

~ 10,000 years ago

Question 3

When did the first farmers arrive to Britain?

Answer 3

~ 6,000 years ago

Question 4

Where did the ancestors of the first farmers come from?

Answer 4

South-East Europe

Question 5

What did people build in Stone Age?

Answer 5

Houses, tombs and monuments on the land

Question 6

Two famous monuments from Stone Age

Answer 6

1. Stonehenge (Wiltshire)
2. Skara Brae (Orkney, Scotland)

Stonehenge - ceremonial gathering place
Skara Brae - best preserved preh

Question 7

When did Bronze Age begin?

Answer 7

~ 4,000 years ago

Question 8

How did people live in the Bronze Age?
How did they bury their dead?

Answer 8

1. Roundhouses
2. Buried their dead in tombs called round barrow

Question 9

When did the Iron Age begin?

Answer 9

~ 800 BC

Question 10

What was the Iron Age characteristic for?

Answer 10

1. People still lived in roundhouses, grouped together to larger settlements - Hill forts
2. Most people were crafters, farmers, warriors
3. Celtic languages spoken

Question 11

Iron Age Fort

Answer 11

Maiden Castle, Dorset

Question 12

When did Julius Caesar attempt to invade Britain?

Answer 12

55 BC

Unsuccessful

Question 13

When did Romans invade Britain?

Answer 13

Emperor Cladius, 43 AD, Romans left 410 AD

Question 14

Did Romans conquer Scotland?

Answer 14

No, Emperor Hadrian built a Hadrian’s wall to keep Picts out

Question 15

What are two famous forts within the Hadrian’s wall?

Answer 15

Housestead and Vindolanda

Question 16

What tribal leader fought against Romans?

Answer 16

Boudicca

Queen of the Iceni, statue on Westminster Bridge

Question 17

When did Christian communities began to appear in Britain?

Answer 17

3rd - 4th century

Question 18

After Romans left in 410 AD, who invaded Britain then?

Answer 18

Jutes, Angles, Saxons

The languages they spoke form a wider basis of modern English

Question 19

What is Sutton Hoo?

Answer 19

A burial place for one of the Anglo-Saxons Kings

Question 20

How did Christianity spread in Britain?

Answer 20

1. North - Irish missionaries - St Patrick
2. St Columba (founded a monastery on the island of Iona, Scotland)
3. South - Roman missionaries - St Augustine - first Archbishop of Canterbury

Question 21

When did Vikings first invade Britain?

Answer 21

• 1. 789 AD
• Settled in the East of England & Scotland

Question 22

Who defeated the Vikings in England?

Answer 22

King Alfred the Great

Question 23

Who defeated the Vikings in Scotland?

Answer 23

Kenneth McAlpin

The term Scotland began to be used to describe the country

Question 24

Discuss the battle of Hastings

Answer 24

• 1066
• William (Duke of Normandy - France) defeated Harold (Britain)
• Remembered with an embroidery - the Bayeux Tapestry

Question 25

How did William the Conqueror keep track of cities and people living in them?

Answer 25

The Domesday Book

Question 26

Did William the Conqueror also conquer Wales and Scotland?

Answer 26

Initially, but the Welsh gradually won territory back. The Scots and the Normans fought on the border between England and Scotland; the Normans took over some land on the border but did not invade Scotland