The Middle Ages Flashcards
Agincourt is fought by which King?
Henry V
Why is Agincourt particularly notable?
The English won despite being very outnumbered.
Who annexed Wales, with what legislation?
- Edward I
- Statute of Rhuddlan
When Welsh rebellions fully defeated?
15th century
True or false: England conquered Scotland in the Middle Ages
False
Q1: Who led Scotland against the English in the Middle Ages?
Q2: Did they succeed or fail?
- Robert the Bruce
- He succeeded
Why did the English first go to Ireland in the Middle Ages?
To support the Irish king
Where did English settlers live in Ireland?
“The Pale”, near Dublin
In the Middle Ages, some Irish Lords began to _______ the English king
Accept the authority of
What percent of people in England died in the Black Death?
1/3
Which new economic groups developed because of the Black Death?
- The Gentry (other landowners)
- The middle classes (in cities)
Before the Black Death, what did people give the king in exchange for land?
People to fight in wars
Because of the smaller population, _______ were needed less after the Black Death
Cereal crops
Due to the Black Death, there was a shortage of _______ and people wanted ________
- Labour
- Higher wages
When were English laws and language introduced into Wales?
After the last of the Welsh rebellions in the 15th century
What did nobles have King John do?
Sign the Magna Carta
What does the Magna Carta mean the King must do?
- Even the King must be subject to the law
- The King cannot raise taxes w/o permission of the nobles
- The king cannot make or change laws w/o permission of the nobles
The Magna Carta ______ the King’s power.
Restricted
The ______ ______ gave more power to the nobles in the Middle Ages
Magna Carta
After the Magna Carta, in England ______ were called in England for the king to _______ w/ nobles, particularly when he ________
- Parliaments
- Consult
- Raise money
Unlike England, In Scotland, laws are ______ which means ________
- Codified
- Written down
What are 2 words with origins in Norman French?
- Park
- Beauty
What are 3 words with origins in the Anglo-Saxon language?
- Apple
- Cow
- Summer
What are 2 similar words are from the languages of Norman French and Anglo-Saxon
- Ask (Anglo-Saxon)
- Demand (French)
Who developed common law for England in the Middle Ages?
Judges
By the year _____, the English Language was used in _______ and in _______
- 1400
- Parliament
- Royal Court
- What was an important battle between Scotland and England in the Middle Ages?
- What person led the winning side?
- The Battle of Bannockburn
- Robert the Bruce for Scotland
- When did the Scots language begin to form?
- What other language was also spoken in Scotland?
- 1400s/Middle Ages
- Gaelic
- Who is a Middle Ages poet who wrote in Scots Language?
- What is the name of one of his famous poems?
- What is that poem about?
- John Barbour
- “The Bruce”
- The Battle of Bannockburn
What is an important battle in the Hundred Years War?
Agincourt
In the Middle Ages, who made up:
- The House of Lords
- The House of Commons
- Aristocracy, Wealthy landowners, and CoE bishops
- Knights (who were often smaller landowners) and wealthy people from towns and cities
True or false - the House of Commons was was elected in the Middle Ages.
True (albeit by a very small number of people)
- Which UK country in the Middle Ages had its own version of government akin to parliament?
- What was it called?
- Who was it comprised of?
- Scotland
- The 3 estates
- Lords, Commons, Clergy
Who is the first printer person to use a printing press in England?
What literary work was one of the first things they printed?
- William Caxton
- The Canterbury Tales
What Battle ends The War of the Roses?
Battle of Bosworth Field
Who fought who in The War of the Roses?
What were their symbols?
- House of Lancaster: Red Rose
- House of York: White Rose
Which side’s leader wins The War of the Roses?
Who loses?
What are their names?
- Winner: Henry Tudor, House of Lancaster
- Loser: Richard III, House of York
- Who is the King after The War of the Roses?
- He is the first king to do what?
- Henry VII (the 7th), formerly Henry Tudor
- The First king of the house of Tudor
What is the symbol of The House of Tudor?
- A red and white rose
- Who gets married after the War of the Roses?
- Who is the bride related to?
- Why do they marry each other?
- Henry VII Marries Elizabeth of York
- She is cousin to Richard III
- to show the families are now united as allies
Where is an important window of stained glass from the Middle Ages located?
York Minster
What is a reason castles were built?
Defence
What are two major castles still in use?
- Windsor Castle
- Edinburgh Castle
Who was Edward VI?
Which book did he establish?
- Henry VIII’s son
- Book of Common Prayer
After the reformation, the monarch decided these two major religious decisions.
- Appoints the Bishops
- Decides how people are to worship
- Which group is the very beginnings of Parliament?
- Who was in it?
- When was it taking place?
- The King’s Council of Advisers
- Important noblemen and church leaders
- Before the Magna Carta
In the Middle Ages, the principle that the judges are _________ began to form
Independent of the government
In the _____ century, Protestantism began to gradually gain strength in these 3 countries
- 16th
- Scotland, England, and Wales
What violence happened in Ireland during the Reign of Henry VIII against England?
Why?
Who in Ireland lead these actions?
Brutal fighting due to:
- English efforts to impose/force Protestantism
- Attempts by English to change laws on inheritance of land
- Led by the Chieftains
