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Science > The Microscope and Basic Laboratory Equipment > Flashcards

The Microscope and Basic Laboratory Equipment Flashcards

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1
Q

An optical instrument that is used to observe objects that are too small to be observed by the naked eye

A

Microscope

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2
Q

Containing only one magnifying lens.

A

Simple Microscope

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3
Q

Contains more than one magnifying lens.

A

Compound Microscope

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4
Q

Commonly _________ (two eyepieces), the compound light microscope combines the power of lenses and light to enlarge the subject being viewed.

A

binocular

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5
Q

Rarely used in microbiology (x40)

A

SCANNING POWER OBJECTIVE (SPO)

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6
Q

Presence of Mammalian cells such as epithelial and white blood cells (x100)

A

LOW POWER OBJECTIVE (LPO)

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7
Q

Fungi, algae and protozoa (x400)

A

HIGH DRY OBJECTIVE/ HIGH POWER OBJECTIVE (HPO)

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8
Q

Bacteria (x1000)

A

OIL IMMERSION OBJECTIVE(OIO)

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9
Q

is capable of producing images 1 nanometer in size.

A

Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)

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10
Q

is a powerful microscope available and used today, allowing researchers to view a specimen at nanometer size.

A

Electron Microscope

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11
Q

they produce high-resolution, sharp, black and white 3D images

A

Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM)

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12
Q
  • without any trace of agar or solidifying substances
A

Liquid-

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13
Q

contains 0.5- 1.5% of agar

A

Semi solid

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14
Q

contains 2- 3% of agar.

A

Solid

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15
Q

exact chemical composition of the ingredients is known (e.g. commercially prepared culture media)

A

Synthetic

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16
Q
  • precise composition of some or all of the nutritive substances used is not known
A

Nonsynthetic

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17
Q

contains living tissue (e.g. embryonated eggs for viruses)

A

Tissue culture media

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18
Q

distributed in sterile petri dishes

A

Plated

19
Q

distributed in sterile test tubes

A

Tubed

20
Q
  • distinguish one group of microorganism from another
A

Differential Stains-

21
Q

used to separate bacteria into two major groups, Gram- positive & Gram- negative; most widely used

A

Gram stain

22
Q

used to detect members of the genus Mycobacterium

A

Acid- fast stain

23
Q

stain specific structures inside and out of a cell

A

Special Stains-

24
Q

exploit the fact that viscous capsules do not readily take up certain stains; capsules stand out against a stained background; an example of a negative stain

A

Capsule Stains-

25
Q

Endospores stain - stains endospores, a type of ___________ that does not readily take up stains; produced by ________ and __________ species.

A

dormant cell
Bacillus
Clostridium

26
Q

adheres to and coats the otherwise thin flagella, enabling them to be seen with the light microscope

A

Flagella Stain

27
Q

Example of a synthetic culture media

A

Commercially prepared culture media

28
Q

Each optical instrument has a limit as to what can be seen, this limit is referred to as

A

resolving power/resolution

29
Q

A _________ is any material containing necessary nutritional the and environmental requirements for bacterial growth.

A

culture medium

30
Q

Examples of solid culture media

A

• Potato Dextrose agar
• nutrient again
• blood agar

31
Q

Example of non-synthetic cintuia

A

Meat extract broth

32
Q

Example of tissue culture media

A

Embryonated eggs for viruses

33
Q

Growth of
- chemoautotrophs
- photo autotrophs
- microbiological assays

A

Chemically defined

34
Q

Growth of most chemoheterotrophic organisms

A

Complex

35
Q

Growth of obligate anaerobes

A

Reducing

36
Q

Suppression of unwanted microbes, encouraging desired microbes

A

Selective

37
Q

Differentiation of colonies of desired microbes from others

A

Differential

38
Q

Similar to selective media designed to increase numbers of desired microbes to detectable levels

A

Enrichment

39
Q

For visualization of morphological shape & arrangement

A

Simple staining

40
Q

Use of two contrasting stains separated by a decolorizing agent

A

Differential staining

41
Q

type of staining to recognize the presence of spore in bacterial vegetative cell

A

Spore stain

42
Q

thin film of organisms on the slide

A

Smear

43
Q

slide is gently heated by passing the slide, smear up, through the flame of a Bunsen burner

A

Heat fixation

44
Q

He developed differential stain

A

Hans Christian Gram

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