The Mexican Son (continue) Son Jalisciense Mariachi

Question 1

Son Jalisciense

Answer 1

Both from the state of jalisco and Michoacan

Question 2

Original Ensemble

Answer 2

2 violins
Guitarra quinta or de golpe
Harp

Question 3

Original performance , practice and repertoire

Answer 3

Sones were slower, longer, more coplas, and more improvisation (improvising lyrics )
Communal purposes / other neighboring towns come together ex. Tocada
Repertoire: sones, Jarabes

Question 4

Changes in the 20th century

Answer 4

Groups traveled: jalisco to Mexico city
They were being called to mexican city to participate banquets, celebrations ( saw the opportunity to go professional
First recordings: cuarteto Coculense 1908
El Carretero

Question 4

very early recording “Las conchitas” ( the little sea shells)

Answer 4

Son jalisciense
Field recording 1970’s
Musicians in their 80’s
Slower
Harp, guitarra quinta, violin

Question 5

Technology mediated

Answer 5

Technology intervene recordings with electric technology
Started to broadcast live
Employed by radio broadcasting company such as XEW, 1930
Also employed in movies
In first mexican sound film santa (1931)
Became professional musicians

Question 6

Impact of Technology

Answer 6

Louder instruments
Harp, and guitarra 5a: Less or not used
More instruments: guitarron: bass
Vihuela guitar (more strings) : chored
Violins, trumpets: melody
3 vocalista (solo singers)

Question 7

Son Jalisciense became the Mariachi

Answer 7

Mariachi
Origins of word unknown
In 19th century; party, tarima, or musicians themselves
Now we refer to them as musicians

Question 8

“ El limoncito” in son jalisciense

Answer 8

harp players became solo arperos: jose mendoza

Question 9

Mariachi as a symbol of Mexico

Answer 9

-Movies 1930-50 West- central mexico
- Rural locations
- mariachi groups in;
- Serenatas
-ferias (fairs) Palenques (cock fights)

Question 10

Movies

Answer 10

Provided role models:
Males: Honest, brave, tequilas, horses, guns, but good: singing charro
Women: pretty, long braids, modest, faithful, feisty
Effects
Vocalista; solo singer (negrete, pedro infante)
Classically trained voice
Film soundtracks: Big sound arrangements

Question 11

Large repertoire ( more genres)

Answer 11

Mariachi can accompany: Jarabes, sones (traditional)
Huapango ( son huasteco)
Polkas, and waltz corrido time from germany and czech
Corridos
Ballads
Cancion ranchera

Question 12

Stable Genre of Mariachi cancion ranchera

Answer 12

From the cancion of the 1910’s-20
In the 1930’s- 40’s in the theater and movies
References the countryside (horses, haciendas, charros)
Romantic, but matter of fact no heartbreak
Example: “Allá en el Rancho Grande”
References to horses tortillas,

Question 13

Modern canción ranchera 1950’s

Answer 13

Modern sensibility: more clearly sexual
Lots of sorrow, heartbreak, despecho
Greater emotional intensity/ often slower waltz
Ex: Jose Alfredo Jimenez: Cuando lloran los hombres (When men cry)