The Medici Family Test Flashcards

1
Q

Used as a pawn by the Florentines, traded for the safety of the city wen they surrendered to the army of Giovanni and Guilio; married to French prince at 14

A

Catherine de Medici

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2
Q

Who excommunicated Martin Luther?

A

Pope Leo X

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3
Q

Who was run out of Florence and exiled for 9 years, returned with an army to invade Florence, was later welcomed after becoming pope

A

Giovanni de Medici (Pope Leo X)

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4
Q

Who refused Henry VIII’s divorce, leading to England’s establishing the first Protestant nation?

A

Pope Clement VII

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5
Q

Was pope when Germans sacked Rome under Holy Roman Emperor Charles V; his poor negotiation skills were largely to blame for the attack

A

Guilio de Medici (Clement VII)

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6
Q

Hired by Florentine government to set up defenses for Florence against Giovanni and Guilio de Medici; assembled a national militia

A

Niccolo Machiavelli

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7
Q

Forced by Pope Leo X to sculpt Medici tombs in Florence

A

Michelangelo

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8
Q

Sold papal indulgences to pay off his debt

A

Giovanni de Medici (Pope Leo X)

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9
Q

Son of Guiliano who was adopted by Lorenzo

A

Guilio de Medici (Clement VII)

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10
Q

Lorenzo’s son who became the youngest cardinal in history; Medici money bought him the papacy; he became Pope Leo X

A

Giovanni de Medici

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11
Q

Became Pope Clement VII after the longest conclave in history, it took him two years to be elected.

A

Guilio de Medici

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12
Q

His statue of David became a symbol for Florence’s hatred of Medici

A

Michelangelo

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13
Q

Wrote “The Prince”, a cynical book describing the realities of politics in his day; dedicated it to the Medici to gain their patronage

A

Niccolo Machiavelli

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14
Q

Dissected corpses to learn human anatomy

A

Leonardo de Vinci

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15
Q

Helped de Medici cousins get army to invade Florence after their exile

A

Pope Julius II

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16
Q

Wrote to his brother, “God has given us the papacy; let us enjoy it.”

A

Giovanni de Medici (Pope Leo X)

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17
Q

Employed nepotism when he made Guilio cardinal of Florence.

A

Pope Leo X

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18
Q

After the cardinals attempted his assassination, he created hundreds of jobs in the Vatican and sold them to his friends to make money and protect his position, much like mafia don.

A

Giovanni de Medici (Pope Leo X)

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19
Q

Completed what his cousin began; splitting the church and starting a war in Europe.

A

Guilio de Medici (Clement VII)

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20
Q

Popes could excommunicate (throw from the church and damn forever) Christians guilty of _________, which was believing anything other than what the church preached.

A

HERESY

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21
Q

____________, who built the dome of the Florence Cathedral, was both architect and engineer

A

BRUNELLESCHI

22
Q

Florentines came to watch the construction of the dome. One of the things that amazed them was Brunelleschi’s use of the classical orders of ________, which hadn’t been used since the fall of Rome.

A

ARCHITECTURE

23
Q

Although Brunelleschi examined the construction of the dome of the Roman Pantheon, he couldn’t use the same techniques because of the size of the dome and because the recipe for making _______ had been lost.

A

CONCRETE

24
Q

Brunelleschi also devised a way to alter the ________ on pulleys so the oxen could pull the 1700-pound sandstone beams 250 feet into the air and return them to the ground without changing direction.

A

GEARS

25
Q

Brunelleschi was jailed and forced to stop work on Il Duomo (the dome) when his patron was found guilty of treason against ____________.

A

FLORENCE

26
Q

Cosimo escaped from the tower that was his prison by ________ the guards

A

BRIBING

27
Q

When Cosimo was finally asked to return to Florence, he had even more power and prestige. The Medici banks became the most important banks in Europe as they collected money for the __________.

A

POPE

28
Q

Cosimo de Medici’s patronage of Baldesari Cossa paid off when Cosa became Pope __________________.

A

JOHN XXIII

29
Q

Marcello Fantoni: “Patronage is great for the production of art but totally irrational from an economic view. ____________ is a political strategy… high political competition.

A

PATRONAGE

30
Q

Florence was proud to be the only __________ in Europe; but the government was often corrupt.

A

REPUBLIC

31
Q

Seventy percent of all Renaissance ________ lived and worked in Florence

A

ARTISTS

32
Q

Brunelleschi also invented linear _____________. According to Jeremy Brotton, this invention changed the way we see, creating a modern way of looking at the world

A

PERSPECTIVE

33
Q

The bronze sculpture of David by ________ was the first free-standing statue created since ancient Rome.

A

DONATELLO

34
Q

Once II Duomo was finished, Cosimo organized the _____________ of Florence, which brought people from all over the world to his city; included were scholars who knew and could translate Greek the ancient Greek tests the Cosimo and his friends had been searching for.

A

GENERAL COUNCIL

35
Q

In 1517, attached his 95 These on the door of Wittenberg Cathedral

A

Martin Luther

36
Q

T or F: Lorenzo de Medici married Clarice Orsini because she was beautiful and he was in love with her.

A

False

37
Q

T or F: The system of patronage used by the Medici family to operate Florence and Tuscany, in which people are personally loyal to a family that looks out for them in return, was similar to the system used by the Mafia to control Southern Italy.

A

True

38
Q

T or F: The Pazzi, a rival banking family, tried to have Lorenzo and his sister killed Easter Sunday 1478 in the Florentine cathedral.

A

False

39
Q

T or F: Lorenzo survived, and his supporters hanged the conspirators, including two relatives of the pope from the government building windows.

A

True

40
Q

T or F: When Lorenzo returned to Florence, he was named “II Magnifico” and asked to take over the government of Florence; he agreed

A

False

41
Q

T or F: Monks hired by the Pazzi killed Guiliano by shooting him to death.

A

False

42
Q

T or F: For 20 years, the Florentines benefited from Lorenzo’s public generosity, his “spending virtuously” on buildings, art, festivals, and entertainments.

A

True

43
Q

T or F: In the “Bonfires of the Vanities,” Savonarola and his followers burned books, makeup, clothes, wigs, art, and jewelry.

A

True

44
Q

T or F: Botticelli’s paintings like The Birth of Venus are religious rather than humanistic.

A

False

45
Q

T or F: Girolamo Savonarola was a Dominican priest who worked for Lorenzo.

A

False

46
Q

T or F: Michelangelo and Botticelli fought against Savonarola.

A

False

47
Q

T or F: Eventually Botticelli either changed his mind about what subjects are appropriate for his own paintings or he feared the repercussions his art might bring because he threw some of his own paintings on Savonarola’s “Bonfire of the Vanities.”

A

True

48
Q

T or F: When Lorenzo died in 1492, Savonarola forgave him on his deathbed.

A

False

49
Q

T or F: After Lorenzo’s death, Savonarola gained control of the city; his bands of “skinhead” teens roamed the city beating up prostitutes, burning homosexuals, and harassing anyone wearing jewelry, makeup, or elaborate clothes as well as anyone still owning dice or cards.

A

True

50
Q

T or F: When Lorenzo’s banks began to fail, the ‘amici delle amici’ (friends of friends) system of influence began to break down because there weren’t enough personal favors to go around.

A

True