The Media, Globalisation And Popular Culture

Question 1

What is high culture?

Answer 1

Culture liked by a minority

Question 2

What is mass culture?

Answer 2

Culture that is liked by the majority of people

Question 3

What is homogenisation of culture?

Answer 3

Refers to the reduction in cultural diversity that occurs when people in societies around the world abandoned their folk cultures in flavour of a mass produced and global popular culture.

Question 4

What is the post Modernists perspective to the effects of globalisation on popular culture?

Answer 4

Post Modernists argue that the mass media have played a big role in the way societies have changed from being modern societies. They argue that post Modernists societies have become media saturated

Question 5

What do post Modernists say about the mass media and identity?

Answer 5

Argue that the mass media have changed and shaped consumption patterns by making consumers more aware of the diversity of choices that exist in post modern world.

Question 6

What does Strinati argue?

Answer 6

That in the post modern world the distinction between high and popular culture has become blurred and this too has increased consumer choice.

Question 7

What do postmodernists say about the media saturation, the rejection of meta narratives and the relativity of knowledge?

Answer 7

Knowledge and ways of looking at the world are relative. All points of view have some value. This. Media -led way of looking at the social world had allegedly produced a more critical amd participatory global culture.

Question 8

What does Jenkins say?

Answer 8

He developed the concept of global participatory culture. Argues that global culture have become more democratic because users and audiences are able to produce culture themselves

Question 9

What does Shirky say?

Answer 9

That global social media such as Facebook have resulted in the wiring of humanity and free time has become a shared global resource.

Question 10

What does Jenkins argue about participatory culture?

Answer 10

Creates new forms of community because those who are involved feel connected to one another, in that they care about what other people feel about what they created.

Question 11

Who observed that the globalisation of popular and participatory culture has been enhanced by the very rapid spread of social media. If audiences are not encouraged to get involved with actively shaping the flow of content on social media, it is unlikely that the medium will globally expand?

Answer 11

Jenkins et al

Question 12

What is a criticism of the post Modernists perspective?

Answer 12

Criticised for exaggerating the degree of social changes that they associate with global media and popular culture.
They tend to ignore the fact that substantial number of people are unable to make consumption choices because of inequalities

Question 13

What is a Marxist perspective for the globalisation of media and popular culture?

Answer 13

Marxists claim it encourages conformity and a lack of critical thinking, especially about the organisation of capitalism.

Question 14

What does Marcuse say?

Answer 14

Claimed that this conformity is the result of media audiences being encouraged by media companies to subscribe to three ways of thinking.

Question 15

What are the three ways of thinking according to Marcuse?

Answer 15

Commodity fetishism
False needs
Conspicuous consumption

Question 16

What does Marcuse say commodity fetishism is?

Answer 16

The idea that the products of popular culture have special powers that somehow enhance the life of the user.e.g seeing the smart phones as being an extension of their self

Question 17

What does Marcuse say false needs mean?

Answer 17

The idea that is generated by the media through marketing, advertising, and branding that,in order to conform to modern lifestyle, consumers need to have a particular product.

Question 18

What does Marcuse say Conspicuous consumption is?

Answer 18

Particular products of the media and popular culture it generates are presented as having more status than other items for consumption. Certain brands are credited more than others. People are therefore 3ncoiraged to buy their stuff because they will receive more status

Question 19

What is a false consciousness?

Answer 19

Refers to people’s failure to look critically at the school world or their circumstances because they have been ideologically indoctrinated by the media and other agencies to see their experiences as fair and just.

Question 20

What is an example of Americanisation?

Answer 20

McDonalds being in foreign countries

Question 21

What is globalisation?

Answer 21

The world becoming increasingly interconnected, with products and goods and services being manufactured among the globe

Question 22

What is cultural imperialism?

Answer 22

When the cultural output of one region dominates the cultural output of other regions especially the aggressive promotion of western cultures e.g. hollywood

Question 23

What is homogenisation?

Answer 23

Refers to how globalisation has made a lot of cultures become more similar with less diversity

Question 24

What is cultural dominance?

Answer 24

When one culture dominates and establishes its own culture on another less dominant culture e.g. mcdonaldisation

Question 25

What are transnational companies?

Answer 25

Large international corporations with offices and assets in various countries around the globe that dominate the media market

Question 26

What are hybrid cultures?

Answer 26

A cross between two cultures e.g. a combination between eat and western countries

Question 27

What is cultural hybridity?

Answer 27

The process of a specific cultural element blending into another culture by modifying itself to fit into cultural norms

Question 28

What is a conglomerate?

Answer 28

A company that owns many other companies involved in mass media enterprise

Question 29

What is mass media?

Answer 29

Where information reaches a mass amount if audience

Question 30

What is high culture?

Answer 30

A culture shared by an elite minority

Question 31

What is popular culture?

Answer 31

The culture of an average person. E.g tv music sport

Question 32

What is Americanisation?

Answer 32

The idea that Americas cultural output dominates the cultural output of other regions. Aka cultural imperialism

Question 33

What is McDonalisation?

Answer 33

Society worldwide is influenced by a large western brands such as McDonald’s which is seen as the same worldwide

Question 34

What is convergence?

Answer 34

Different societies are moving towards each other in terms of their cultures becoming more and more similar

Question 35

What is a global village?

Answer 35

The world has become more interconnected and the world has ‘shrunk’ to become a global village

Question 36

What is consumerism?

Answer 36

Capitalist society places value on materialism and therefore emphasises the need to consumer products by creating false needs

Question 37

What is cultural hegemony?

Answer 37

Where one society can be ruled and dominated by a culture using their beliefs

Question 38

What is democratisation?

Answer 38

The idea that the media is capable of enhancing democracy through giving those authoritarian nations a platform to allow their voices to be heard