The Making of the Modern Chinese State

Question 1

The rift between China’s authoritarian political system and its increasingly modern and globalized society is deep and ominous. True or False

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Geographically, China is larger than the United States but smaller than Canada. True or False

Answer 2

False

Question 3

For its size, China is very poor in natural resources, lacking in necessary coal and petroleum deposits. True or False

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The countryside has played and continues to play a very important role in China’s political development. True or False

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Hong Kong and Macau have very little autonomy from the central government once they were both reincorporated into mainland China. True or False

Answer 5

False

Question 6

Imperial China established a national bureaucracy much earlier than government institutions in Europe. True or False

Answer 6

True

Question 7

By the early nineteenth century, European powers had surged far ahead of China in industrial and military development, forcing the country to open its markets to foreign trade. True or False

Answer 7

False

Question 8

Who is Liu Xiabo? a) He is a member of the former Red Guard, b) He was a part of Mao’s inner circle that helped propel the Great Leap Forward, c) He ran the high hurdles in Athens, winning a gold medal, d) He won the Nobel Peace Prize for his non-violent efforts to demand democratic reform.

Answer 8

d) He won the Nobel Peace Prize for his non-violent efforts to demand democratic reform.

Question 9

China’s population of 1.3 billion is how many more times the size of the U.S. population? a) 2 times greater, b) 3 times greater, c) 4 times greater, d) 6 times greater.

Answer 9

c) 4 times greater

Question 10

How much of China’s land can be used for agriculture? a) less than 15%, b) about 20%, c) more than 30%, d) about 44%.

Answer 10

a) less than 15%

Question 11

Which of the following cities is the economic heart of China? a) Shenzhen, b) Beijing, c) Guangzhou, d) Shanghai.

Answer 11

d) Shanghai

Question 12

What percent of China’s people still live in rural areas? a) 42 percent, b) fifty-five percent, c) sixty-two percent, d) seventy percent.

Answer 12

b) fifty-five percent

Question 13

About what percent of China’s population are ethnically Chinese or Han? a) 59%, b) 63%, c) 81%, d) 92%.

Answer 13

d) 92%

Question 14

About how many ethnic minorities comprise China? a) 37, b) 43, c) 50, d) 89.

Answer 14

c) 50

Question 15

Traditional Chinese culture was based on the teachings of the ancient philosopher (551–479 BCE): a) Buddha, b) Tao, c) Confucius, d) Shamon.

Answer 15

c) Confucius

Question 16

What contributed to the onset of economic stagnation during the late 18th century and early 19th century? a) a breakdown in the moral foundation of the Chinese peasantry, b) the rise of the Mongols, c) a population explosion, d) an inferior educational system.

Answer 16

c) a population explosion

Question 17

The Taiping Rebellion (1850–1864), was a massive revolt during the Qing dynasty where some: a) 1 million lost their lives, b) 5 million people lost their lives, c) 13 million people lost their lives, d) 20 million people lost their lives.

Answer 17

d) 20 million people lost their lives

Question 18

In order to balance the trade with China, the British used their superior military power to compel China to buy the following: a) British tea, b) cotton-made clothing, c) Indian opium, d) Afghan heroin.

Answer 18

c) Indian opium

Question 19

What forced China to change, bringing an end to the 2,000-year-old imperial system in 1911-12? a) elections, b) revolution, c) referendum, d) theocracy

Answer 19

b) revolution

Question 20

Western-educated revolutionary leader and president of China in 1912 who organized his Nationalist Party: a) Mao Zedong, b) Deng Xiaoping, c) Chiang Kai-shek, d) Sun Yat-sen

Answer 20

d) Sun Yat-sen

Question 21

Guomindang refers to: a) a major city in the heartland of China, b) a rural encampment used to fight the elements, c) the name given to the Nationalist Party, d) applying herbal medical techniques.

Answer 21

c) the name given to the Nationalist Party

Question 22

Who did Chiang Kai-shek and his Nationalists align themselves with in almost wiping out the Chinese communists in 1927? a) warlords, b) the Japanese, c) the United States, d) the peasantry.

Answer 22

a) warlords

Question 23

In 1934-1935, the Chinese communists undertook their mythologized escape, an epic journey of 6,000 miles through some of China’s roughest terrain, to avoid attack by Nationalist forces: a) Destiny’s Trek, b) The Long March, c) The Journey to Success, d) The Courageous Insurgency

Answer 23

b) The Long March

Question 24

A military strategy based on small, highly mobile bands of soldiers who use hit-and-run tactics like ambushes to attack a better-armed enemy: a) blitzkrieg, b) guerrilla warfare, c) counter-insurgency, d) strategic imperative.

Answer 24

b) guerrilla warfare

Question 25

Administratively, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) is comprised of:

a) \_\_\_ provinces, 
b) \_\_ autonomous regions, 
c) \_\_ centrally administered cities (including the capital, Beijing), and 
d) \_\_ Special Administrative Regions (\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_ and Macao).

Answer 25

a) 22
b) 5
c) 4
d) 2, Hong Kong

Question 26

What does Confucianism emphasize?

a) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to authority, 
b) respect for superiors and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_, 
c) the responsibility of rulers to govern \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, 
d) and the importance of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Answer 26

a) obedience
b) elders
c) benevolently
d) education

Question 27

What were some of the reasons for the CCP’s achieving power in 1949 at the expense of the Nationalists?

a) ________ invasion of China in 1937, pushing the Nationalist government to the far southwestern part of the country, effectively eliminating it as an active combatant….
b) Mao and the Communists successfully mobilized the _________ to use __________ warfare to fight the invaders.
c) The Nationalists, on the other hand, were _________ and unpopular with many Chinese because of the ___________, political repression, and economic mismanagement….

Answer 27

a) Japan’s
b) peasants, guerrilla
c) isolated, corruption