The Making of the Modern Chinese State Flashcards
The rift between China’s authoritarian political system and its increasingly modern and globalized society is deep and ominous. True or False
True
Geographically, China is larger than the United States but smaller than Canada. True or False
False
For its size, China is very poor in natural resources, lacking in necessary coal and petroleum deposits. True or False
False
The countryside has played and continues to play a very important role in China’s political development. True or False
True
Hong Kong and Macau have very little autonomy from the central government once they were both reincorporated into mainland China. True or False
False
Imperial China established a national bureaucracy much earlier than government institutions in Europe. True or False
True
By the early nineteenth century, European powers had surged far ahead of China in industrial and military development, forcing the country to open its markets to foreign trade. True or False
False
Who is Liu Xiabo? a) He is a member of the former Red Guard, b) He was a part of Mao’s inner circle that helped propel the Great Leap Forward, c) He ran the high hurdles in Athens, winning a gold medal, d) He won the Nobel Peace Prize for his non-violent efforts to demand democratic reform.
d) He won the Nobel Peace Prize for his non-violent efforts to demand democratic reform.
China’s population of 1.3 billion is how many more times the size of the U.S. population? a) 2 times greater, b) 3 times greater, c) 4 times greater, d) 6 times greater.
c) 4 times greater
How much of China’s land can be used for agriculture? a) less than 15%, b) about 20%, c) more than 30%, d) about 44%.
a) less than 15%
Which of the following cities is the economic heart of China? a) Shenzhen, b) Beijing, c) Guangzhou, d) Shanghai.
d) Shanghai
What percent of China’s people still live in rural areas? a) 42 percent, b) fifty-five percent, c) sixty-two percent, d) seventy percent.
b) fifty-five percent
About what percent of China’s population are ethnically Chinese or Han? a) 59%, b) 63%, c) 81%, d) 92%.
d) 92%
About how many ethnic minorities comprise China? a) 37, b) 43, c) 50, d) 89.
c) 50
Traditional Chinese culture was based on the teachings of the ancient philosopher (551–479 BCE): a) Buddha, b) Tao, c) Confucius, d) Shamon.
c) Confucius
What contributed to the onset of economic stagnation during the late 18th century and early 19th century? a) a breakdown in the moral foundation of the Chinese peasantry, b) the rise of the Mongols, c) a population explosion, d) an inferior educational system.
c) a population explosion
The Taiping Rebellion (1850–1864), was a massive revolt during the Qing dynasty where some: a) 1 million lost their lives, b) 5 million people lost their lives, c) 13 million people lost their lives, d) 20 million people lost their lives.
d) 20 million people lost their lives
In order to balance the trade with China, the British used their superior military power to compel China to buy the following: a) British tea, b) cotton-made clothing, c) Indian opium, d) Afghan heroin.
c) Indian opium
What forced China to change, bringing an end to the 2,000-year-old imperial system in 1911-12? a) elections, b) revolution, c) referendum, d) theocracy
b) revolution
Western-educated revolutionary leader and president of China in 1912 who organized his Nationalist Party: a) Mao Zedong, b) Deng Xiaoping, c) Chiang Kai-shek, d) Sun Yat-sen
d) Sun Yat-sen
Guomindang refers to: a) a major city in the heartland of China, b) a rural encampment used to fight the elements, c) the name given to the Nationalist Party, d) applying herbal medical techniques.
c) the name given to the Nationalist Party
Who did Chiang Kai-shek and his Nationalists align themselves with in almost wiping out the Chinese communists in 1927? a) warlords, b) the Japanese, c) the United States, d) the peasantry.
a) warlords
In 1934-1935, the Chinese communists undertook their mythologized escape, an epic journey of 6,000 miles through some of China’s roughest terrain, to avoid attack by Nationalist forces: a) Destiny’s Trek, b) The Long March, c) The Journey to Success, d) The Courageous Insurgency
b) The Long March
A military strategy based on small, highly mobile bands of soldiers who use hit-and-run tactics like ambushes to attack a better-armed enemy: a) blitzkrieg, b) guerrilla warfare, c) counter-insurgency, d) strategic imperative.
b) guerrilla warfare
Administratively, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) is comprised of:
a) \_\_\_ provinces, b) \_\_ autonomous regions, c) \_\_ centrally administered cities (including the capital, Beijing), and d) \_\_ Special Administrative Regions (\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_ and Macao).
a) 22
b) 5
c) 4
d) 2, Hong Kong
What does Confucianism emphasize?
a) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to authority, b) respect for superiors and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_, c) the responsibility of rulers to govern \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, d) and the importance of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
a) obedience
b) elders
c) benevolently
d) education
What were some of the reasons for the CCP’s achieving power in 1949 at the expense of the Nationalists?
a) ________ invasion of China in 1937, pushing the Nationalist government to the far southwestern part of the country, effectively eliminating it as an active combatant….
b) Mao and the Communists successfully mobilized the _________ to use __________ warfare to fight the invaders.
c) The Nationalists, on the other hand, were _________ and unpopular with many Chinese because of the ___________, political repression, and economic mismanagement….
a) Japan’s
b) peasants, guerrilla
c) isolated, corruption
