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POSC 215: Comparative Politics Exam 5 > Mao Zedong in Power > Flashcards

Mao Zedong in Power Flashcards

1
Q

In a socialist regime, the state plays a leading role in organizing the economy, and most business firms are publicly owned. True or False

A

True

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2
Q

The Chinese Communists would likely have taken over Taiwan at the end of the civil war if the U.S. had not intervened to protect the island. True or False

A

True

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3
Q

Taiwan remains politically separate from the People’s Republic of China and still formally calls itself the Republic of China. True or False

A

True

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4
Q

The native Taiwanese welcomed Chiang Kai-shek and his Nationalist supporters with open arms, appreciating the democratic system that the newcomers created for the island. True or False

A

False

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5
Q

Nationalist policies for Taiwan laid the foundation for health and education levels that are among the best in the world and its standard of living is now one of the highest in Asia. True or False

A

True

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6
Q

After the death of Chiang Kai-shek in 1975, his son Chiang Ching-kuo became president and continued the oppressive and authoritarian rule of his father. True or False

A

False

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7
Q

Because of its history and hostility toward Communist China, the Nationalists want to establish a free and independent Taiwanese country while the Democratic Progressive Party favor eventual reunification. True or False

A

False

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8
Q

The PRC regards Taiwan as a part of China and has refused to renounce the use of force if the island moves toward formal separation. True or False

A

True

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9
Q

Thus far, Taiwan and China have refused any form of political or economic relationships. True or False

A

False

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10
Q

When the Communist Party came to power in 1949 in China, it was with a wave of popular support because of its reputation as a party of social reformers and patriotic fighters. True or False

A

True

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11
Q

Rarely did the CCP use violence to achieve its objectives, applying primarily economic and other incentives to encourage citizenry loyalty and cooperation. True or False

A

False

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12
Q

In the early 1960s, Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping completely abandoned the radical strategy of the Great Leap and used a combination of government planning and market-oriented policies to stimulate production. True or False

A

True

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13
Q

Chairman Mao was initially ambivalent about the policies of Liu and Deng but with the latter’s success, Mao finally became an enthusiastic supporter. True or False

A

False

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14
Q

When Deng was brought to power in the late 1970s, he kept in place the colleagues who had reinstated him, believing that loyalty to friends always pays off. True or False

A

False

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15
Q

Although Deng’s economic policies were very different from Mao’s; yet when it came to maintaining and protecting the party’s central authority, they were both willing to crackdown and apply brutal force if deemed necessary. True or False

A

True

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16
Q

In spite of his failures that cost the lives of millions of his own people, Mao is a revered figure today as the founder of the People’s Republic and for reestablishing China’s sovereignty. True or False

A

True

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17
Q

To repair the damage caused by the Cultural Revolution, China’s new leaders restored to power many veteran officials who had been purged by Mao and the radicals. True or False

A

True

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18
Q

After the death of Mao in 1976, Deng Xiaoping became the leader of China in 1978 assuming the formal titles of Chairman of the Communist Party and Premier of the state. True or False

A

True*

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19
Q

Deng Xiaoping’s policies were a profound break with the Maoist past. True or False

A

True

20
Q

Being more rigidly ideological than his predecessor, Jiang Zemin reversed many of the reforms instituted by Deng. True or False

A

False*

21
Q

After the death of Deng Xiaoping, his replacements have reflected a change in leadership qualifications from revolutionaries to technocrats. True or False

A

True

22
Q

There is little reason to expect China’s new leader, Xi Jinping will deviate significantly from the combination of economic reform and political repression that has been the CCP’s formula for retaining power since the days of Deng Xiaoping. True or False

A

True

23
Q

Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao have been faithful disciples of Deng, vigorously championing the latter’s economic reforms while making sure that the CCP retains its firm grip on power. True or False

A

True

24
Q

An economic system in which the state directs the economy through a series of bureaucratic plans for the production and distribution of goods and services: a) command economy, b) direct economy, c) planned economy, d) social market economy.

A

a) command economy

25
Q

A process by which agricultural land was removed from private ownership and organized into large state-run farms: a) communal system, b) agrarianism, c) collectivization, d) division of labor.

A

c) collectivization

26
Q

A system of social organization based on the common ownership and coordination of production: a) utopianism, b) state communalism, c) dialectic materialism, d) communism.

A

d) communism

27
Q

What has been the most contentious political issue in Taiwan? a) the direction of the economy, b) the expenditures for a social welfare state, c) military cooperation and protection involving the U.S., d) reunification with the mainland.

A

d) reunification with the mainland.

28
Q

When it comes to reunification, most of the people of Taiwan favor the following: a) reunification with the mainland, b) establishing a free and independent country, c) the status quo, d) are confused and have no opinion on this divisive issue.

A

c) the status quo

29
Q

What is the U.S. policy toward Taiwan? a) wants a peaceful solution to resolve the situation, b) wishes that the island reunify with the mainland, c) wants the island to call for its independence, d) preparing the island for war with the mainland and has threatened mainland China with military attack if it dares anything provocative.

A

a) wants a peaceful solution to resolve the situation

30
Q

What is the population of Taiwan? a) 23 million, b) 32 million, c) 39 million, d) 46 million

A

a) 23 million

31
Q

The standard of living of Taiwan’s people is comparable to: a) Costa Rica and Nigeria, b) Iran and South Africa, c) Malaysia and Egypt, d) France and Germany.

A

d) France and Germany

32
Q

What were the main ingredients of the Soviet-style five year plan implemented by the CCP in the early part of the 1950s? a) abortion on demand and increased secret production of opium for sale abroad, b) collectivization of agriculture and a centrally planned economy, c) free economic zones in some major cities and a limited public education system, d) health care reform and foreign investment in utilities.

A

b) collectivization of agriculture and a centrally planned economy

33
Q

Although the Chinese economy grew significantly between 1953 and 1957, Mao disliked the following results: a) the expansion of the government bureaucracy and the persistence of inequalities the urban areas and the countryside, b) the rise of the military and the growing power of the state, c) the lack of loyalty to the state and the problems with corruption, d) the increasing isolation of the CCP and the failure to reign in the peasantry.

A

a) the expansion of the government bureaucracy and the persistence of inequalities the urban areas and the countryside

34
Q

A bizarre and catastrophic effort in China (1958-1960) that attempted to accelerate the country’s economic development by relying on labor power and revolutionary zeal of the masses: a) Revolution From Above, b) 100 Flowers Revolution, c) Great Proletarian Development, d) Great Leap Forward.

A

d) Great Leap Forward.

35
Q

During the Great Leap Forward, how many people died of famine? a) about 1 million, b) about 3 million, c) at least 15 million, d) at least 40 million.

A

d) at least 40 million

36
Q

An ideological crusade designed to jolt China back toward Mao’s vision of socialism in 1966 to1976: a) Anti-Rightist Campaign, b) Socialist Revival Campaign, c) Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, d) Anti-Revisionist Purge

A

c) Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution

37
Q

Who did the Red Guards focus their rampage against in the first phase of the Cultural Revolution (1966-1969)? a) military leaders and business people, b) teachers and peasants, c) landed elites and bureaucrats, d) intellectuals and discredited party leaders.

A

d) intellectuals and discredited party leaders.

38
Q

What ended the Cultural Revolution in 1976? a) the movement was spent and exhausted, b) the arrest pf Mao’s wife and the Gang of Four, c) the decapitation of the People’s Liberation Army, d) the rise of the bureaucracy and the economy.

A

b) the arrest pf Mao’s wife and the Gang of Four

39
Q

How did the Communist Chinese leaders respond on June 4, 1989 to the student demonstrations at Tiananmen Square? a) by careful and deliberate negotiations that led to a resolution through promises of reforms, b) by calling in the PLA to clear the square by force, c) by inviting the parents of the students to the square to help resolve the impasse, d) by the United States and other Western diplomats lending a hand that convinced the demonstrators to finally withdraw.

A

b) by calling in the PLA to clear the square by force

40
Q

Why did Deng Xiaoping take some bold steps to accelerate reform of the Chinese economy in 1992? a) In his old age, he had become wary of Communist ideology and began embracing democratic principles, b) he believed that wealth and security required an external break from the West, c) Deng was grooming his son to replace him and believed that reform would coopt the leadership, d) primarily to avoid the collapse of the communist system.

A

d) primarily to avoid the collapse of the communist system.

41
Q

Who selected Jian Zemin to the top decision-making positions in the Communist party? a) Party Congress, b) Politburo, c) the Chinese people, d) Deng Xiaoping.

A

d) Deng Xiaoping

42
Q

What were some of the policies implemented by the Nationalist government that helped propel Taiwan into one of the most prosperous societies in the world?

a) It promoted \_\_\_\_\_\_ development, 
b) attracted extensive \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ investment, 
c) and presided over impressive economic growth by producing \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ competitive 	\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A

a) rural
b) foreign
c) globally, exports

43
Q

Under President Lee Teng-hui, Taiwan made great strides toward democratization which included:

a) laws used to imprison \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ were revoked, 
b) the \_\_\_\_\_\_ was freed of all \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, 
c) and free \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ were held.
A

a) dissidents
b) media, censorship
c) multiparty elections

44
Q

When the Chinese Communist Party came to power in 1949, Chairman Mao and the CCP quickly turned their attention to some of the country’s most glaring problems which included:

a) A nationwide _____ _______ campaign that redistributed property from the rich to the poor and increased productivity in the ___________.
b) Highly successful drives eliminated ______ __________ and prostitution from the cities.
c) A _________ ____ greatly enhanced the legal status of women in the family and allowed many women to free themselves from unhappy _________ __________.

A

a) land reform, countryside
b) opium addiction
c) national law, arranged marriages

45
Q

What were some of the differences between Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping?

a) Deng had more experience of the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_ than Mao. 
b) He had studied and traveled in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and the Soviet Union in the 1920s. 
c) Mao, by contrast, left China only twice in his life: both on official visits to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_. 
d) Deng was a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, someone who acts to get things done rather than dwelling 	on abstract ideas. 
e) Mao was an \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ who thought about the future in utopian terms and then tried to 	find ways to make reality fit his vision.
A

a) outside world
b) Europe
c) Moscow
d) pragmatist
e) idealist

46
Q

What were some of the economic changes initiated by Deng Xiaoping?

a) \_\_\_\_\_\_ control of the economy was significantly \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. 
b) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ were allowed to play an increasingly important role.
c) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ enterprise was encouraged. 
d) The government allowed unprecedented levels of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A

a) State, reduced
b) Market forces
c) Private
d) foreign investment

47
Q

Throughout its history the PRC has experimented with a series of very different approaches to economic development that included:

a) a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_-style \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ system in the early 1950s, 
b) the radical \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ of the Maoist model, 
c) and the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_-\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ policies implemented by Deng Xiaoping and his 	successors.
A

a) Soviet, planning
b) egalitarianism
c) market-oriented

POSC 215: Comparative Politics Exam 5 (6 decks)

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