The Making of Pakistan Flashcards
when was Indian national congress founded?
1885
who was the founder of INC?
Allan Octavian Hume
retired British civil servant
who was the first president of INC?
Vamesh Chandra Banerji
what was the congress for?
it claimed to be an organization meant for representing the entire Indian population and would look after the interest of all the communities living in India whatever religion, cast and creed they belonged to.
when was MAO school established?
1875
when was MAO school upgraded to a college?
2 years later 1877
Mohammadan educational conference was instituted in __________?
1886
what is a viceroy?
one who rules a country or province as the representative of his king and who is empowered to act in the sovereign’s name.
what was the capital of British India till 1911?
Calcutta
what is Bengal?
vast province
why did Curzon decided to partition the province into two parts?
administrative issues
when did the partition of Bengal happened?
1905
the newly demarcated province was called ____________________?
East Bengal and Assam
the newly demarcated province had its headquarters at ____________.
Dacca
East Bengal had majority population of _________ and it was beneficial for them.
Muslims
when was the partition annulled?
1911
what did the annulment of the partition result in?
the Muslims got a lesson that they shouldn’t depend on anyone nor trust the Hindus or British.
when was AIML founded and where?
Dhaka
December 30, 1906
what was the prime objective of AIML?
of safeguarding and protecting the interests of the Indian Muslims and to convey the demands to the British government in a peaceful manner and through constitutional means.
the second objective of the Muslim League was to foster feelings of goodwill and understanding between the Muslims and other Indian communities
what were the reasons that led AIML to join hands with the Congress to remove the foreign rule?
the partition of Bengal was annulled in 1911 although the government has declared it as a settled matter
on August 3, 1913 many Muslims were killed at Cawnpore
in which year, Tripoli was occupied by ___________ which was an important part of ________________.
1911
Italy
Ottoman Empire
home rule? what is it?
who supported it
at that time, Indian’s right of self-determination which was a principle.
Quaid e Azam was advocate.
what did Quaid e Azam believed about Indian independence? How could it be achieved?
if the Congress and the Muslim League join hands to struggle for it.
what did Quaid e Azam do for Indian independence?
In order to bring the two parties closer the Quaid-e-Azam joined the Muslim League in 1913.
As a member of India’s two most influential political parties Muhammad Ali Jinnah started to work for his long cherished dream of Hindu Muslim unity and consequently the independence of India.
what did the unity result in?
the Muslim League and the Congress held their session jointly at Bombay in Dec 1915 and later at Lucknow on 30th and 31st of Dec 1916.
it was decided that both the Muslim League and the Congress would submit to the government, a jointly agreed scheme of constitutional reforms of India.
what was the agreement that united Hindu and Muslims?
“Lucknow Pact 1916”
cz it was made on Dec 1916
what title was given to MAJ & by whom?
Ambassador of Hindu Muslim Unity
Mrs. Sarojini Naidu, eminent Indian leader
the Nehru report was named after whom, when was it formed?
it was named after its president Pandit Motilal Nehru
it was published in August 1928
the Nehru report ignored _____________? explain further
Delhi Proposals put forward by MAJ.
what did Jinnah do after Nehru Report?
he called a meeting of AIML in 1929
where was the 14 points of MAJ presented?
at the meeting of AIML in 1929 in DELHI
What is Simon Commission?
it was sent to India by the British government with a purpose to prepare a constitutional formula acceptable for both the Hindus and the Muslims.
Did the INC & AIML accepted commission’s proposals?
No, they strongly opposed it.
how was Round Table Conference formed?
MAJ addressed a proposal to the British PM Ramsay MacDonald to call the Indian leaders to London for a round table conference.
how many rounds of Round Table Conference was there?
3
1930, 1931 and 1932
what was the only substantial Muslim achievement resulting from the Round table conference?
the NWFP and Sindh were given the status of full provinces.
what is communal award?
after the 2nd session of the Round table conference the findings and recommendations of the British government were formulated into a communal award.
These proposals formed the basis of the Government of India Act 1935.
elections of the provincial assembly under the Government of India Act 1935 were held in ___________.
what were the results.
February 1937
the election results was not encouraging for the Muslim League the Muslim League could only win 109 out of 485 Muslim seats. Muslim League performance in the Muslim majority provinces was even more disappointing the Congress won absolute majority in 5 out of 11 provinces and three other provinces the party was able to form coalition government in collaboration with other parties.
how did the Congress rule badly for Muslims?
the governments introduced schemes like Vidya Mandir and Gandhiji’s Vardha the schemes when not acceptable for the Muslims
the Congress government took steps to replace Urdu with Hindi
and tried to introduce Bandhe Mathura as official anthem this song had anti Muslim background and provoked hatred against Muslims.
what were the preconditions of the Congress for World War 2 with Britain against Germany?
INC wanted an assurance that the Indian government would be handed over to the Congress as soon as the war ends. The viceroy refused to assure.
AIML said that India will be given independence and that the Muslim demands will be incorporated into the future constitution of India.
Lin lith gow
what were the pre-conditions of the Muslims in World War 2 of Britain against Germany?
Quaid-e-Azam said that the Muslim League was ready to cooperate if the government assures that India will be given independence at the end of War and Muslim League demands will be incorporated in the future constitution of India
on Victor’s Assurance the Muslim League pledged to support the British war efforts.
when and what was the deliverance day?
December 22 1939
AIML marked the occasion of the Congress resignation by observing a deliverance day.
The Muslims expressed relief at the termination of oppressive Congress rule.
